Merge pull request #4250 from xmake-io/links

Improve link mechanism and order

21 files changed, 872 insertions, 69 deletions

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 64e05701e..9a4ee05ff 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 ## master (unreleased)
 
+### New features
+
+* [#4250](https://github.com/xmake-io/xmake/pull/4250): Improve link mechanism and order
+
 ## v2.8.3
 
 ### New features
@@ -1662,6 +1666,10 @@
 
 ## master (开发中)
 
+### 新特性
+
+* [#4250](https://github.com/xmake-io/xmake/pull/4250): 支持链接顺序调整，链接组
+
 ## v2.8.3
 
 ### 新特性
diff --git a/tests/modules/graph/test.lua b/tests/modules/graph/test.lua
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..63095be12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/modules/graph/test.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import("core.base.graph")
+
+function test_topological_sort(t)
+    local edges = {
+        {0, 5},
+        {0, 2},
+        {0, 1},
+        {3, 6},
+        {3, 5},
+        {3, 4},
+        {5, 4},
+        {6, 4},
+        {6, 0},
+        {3, 2},
+        {1, 4},
+    }
+    local dag = graph.new(true)
+    for _, e in ipairs(edges) do
+        dag:add_edge(e[1], e[2])
+    end
+    local order_path = dag:topological_sort()
+    local orders = {}
+    for i, v in ipairs(order_path) do
+        orders[v] = i
+    end
+    for _, e in ipairs(edges) do
+        t:require(orders[e[1]] < orders[e[2]])
+    end
+
+    dag = dag:reverse()
+    order_path = dag:topological_sort()
+    orders = {}
+    for i, v in ipairs(order_path) do
+        orders[v] = i
+    end
+    for _, e in ipairs(edges) do
+        t:require(orders[e[1]] > orders[e[2]])
+    end
+end
+
+function test_find_cycle(t)
+    local edges = {
+        {9, 1},
+        {1, 6},
+        {6, 0},
+        {0, 1},
+        {4, 5}
+    }
+    local dag = graph.new(true)
+    for _, e in ipairs(edges) do
+        dag:add_edge(e[1], e[2])
+    end
+    local cycle = dag:find_cycle()
+    t:are_equal(cycle, {1, 6, 0})
+end
+
diff --git a/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/src/foo.cpp b/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/src/foo.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1a1fb3425
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/src/foo.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "foo.h"
+
+int add(int a, int b) {
+    return a + b;
+}
diff --git a/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/src/foo.h b/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/src/foo.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d2506bca9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/src/foo.h
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+int add(int a, int b);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/src/main.cpp b/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/src/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ed1924789
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/src/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "foo.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    cout << "add(1, 2) = " << add(1, 2) << endl;
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/test.lua b/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/test.lua
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..704959e28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/test.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+function main(t)
+
+    -- freebsd ci is slower
+    if is_host("bsd") then
+        return
+    end
+
+    -- only for x86/x64, because it will take too long time on ci with arm/mips
+    if os.subarch():startswith("x") or os.subarch() == "i386" then
+        t:build()
+    end
+end
+
diff --git a/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/xmake.lua b/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/xmake.lua
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..755e75f51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/projects/c++/linkorders/xmake.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+add_rules("mode.debug", "mode.release")
+
+add_requires("libpng")
+
+target("bar")
+    set_kind("shared")
+    add_files("src/foo.cpp")
+    add_linkgroups("m", "pthread", {whole = true})
+
+target("foo")
+    set_kind("static")
+    add_files("src/foo.cpp")
+    add_packages("libpng", {public = true})
+
+target("demo")
+    set_kind("binary")
+    add_deps("foo")
+    add_files("src/main.cpp")
+    if is_plat("linux", "macosx") then
+        add_syslinks("pthread", "m", "dl")
+    end
+    if is_plat("macosx") then
+        add_frameworks("Foundation", "CoreFoundation")
+    end
+    add_linkorders("framework::Foundation", "png16", "foo")
+    add_linkorders("dl", "linkgroup::syslib")
+    add_linkgroups("m", "pthread", {name = "syslib", group = true})
+
+
diff --git a/xmake/core/base/graph.lua b/xmake/core/base/graph.lua
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..80d4566ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xmake/core/base/graph.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+--!A cross-platform build utility based on Lua
+--
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+-- you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+-- You may obtain a copy of the License at
+--
+--     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+--
+-- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+-- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+-- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+-- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+-- limitations under the License.
+--
+-- Copyright (C) 2015-present, TBOOX Open Source Group.
+--
+-- @author      ruki
+-- @file        graph.lua
+--
+
+-- load modules
+local table = require("base/table")
+local object = require("base/object")
+
+-- define module
+local graph = graph or object { _init = {"_directed"} } {true}
+local edge = edge or object { _init = {"_from", "_to", "_weight"} }
+
+-- new edge, from -> to
+function edge.new(from, to, weight)
+    return edge {from, to, weight or 1.0}
+end
+
+function edge:from()
+    return self._from
+end
+
+function edge:to()
+    return self._to
+end
+
+function edge:other(v)
+    if v == self._from then
+        return self._to
+    else
+        return self._from
+    end
+end
+
+function edge:weight()
+    return self._weight
+end
+
+-- clear graph
+function graph:clear()
+    self._vertices = {}
+    self._edges = {}
+    self._adjacent_edges = {}
+end
+
+-- is empty?
+function graph:empty()
+    return #self:vertices() == 0
+end
+
+-- is directed?
+function graph:is_directed()
+    return self._directed
+end
+
+-- get vertices
+function graph:vertices()
+    return self._vertices
+end
+
+-- get adjacent edges of the the given vertex
+function graph:adjacent_edges(v)
+    return self._adjacent_edges[v]
+end
+
+-- get the vertex at the given index
+function graph:vertex(idx)
+    return self:vertices()[idx]
+end
+
+-- has the given vertex?
+function graph:has_vertex(v)
+    return table.contains(self:vertices(), v)
+end
+
+-- remove the given vertex?
+function graph:remove_vertex(v)
+    local contains = false
+    table.remove_if(self._vertices, function (_, item)
+        if item == v then
+            contains = true
+            return true
+        end
+    end)
+    if contains then
+        self._adjacent_edges[v] = nil
+        -- remove the adjacent edge with this vertex in the other vertices
+        if not self:is_directed() then
+            for _, w in ipairs(self:vertices()) do
+                local edges = self:adjacent_edges(w)
+                if edges then
+                    table.remove_if(edges, function (_, e) return e:other(w) == v end)
+                end
+            end
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+-- topological sort
+function graph:topological_sort()
+    local visited = {}
+    for _, v in ipairs(self:vertices()) do
+        visited[v] = false
+    end
+    local order_vertices = {}
+    local function dfs(v)
+        visited[v] = true
+        local edges = self:adjacent_edges(v)
+        if edges then
+            for _, e in ipairs(edges) do
+                local w = e:other(v)
+                if not visited[w] then
+                    dfs(w)
+                end
+            end
+        end
+        table.insert(order_vertices, v)
+    end
+    for _, v in ipairs(self:vertices()) do
+        if not visited[v] then
+            dfs(v)
+        end
+    end
+    return table.reverse(order_vertices)
+end
+
+-- find cycle
+function graph:find_cycle()
+    local visited = {}
+    local stack = {}
+    local cycle = {}
+
+    local function dfs(v)
+        visited[v] = true
+        stack[v] = true
+        table.insert(cycle, v)
+        local edges = self:adjacent_edges(v)
+        if edges then
+            for _, e in ipairs(edges) do
+                local w = e:other(v)
+                if not visited[w] then
+                    if dfs(w) then
+                        return true
+                    elseif stack[w] then
+                        return true
+                    end
+                elseif stack[w] then
+                    for i = #cycle, 1, -1 do
+                        if cycle[i] == w then
+                            cycle = table.slice(cycle, i)
+                            return true
+                        end
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+        end
+        table.remove(cycle)
+        stack[v] = false
+        return false
+    end
+
+    for _, v in ipairs(self:vertices()) do
+        if not visited[v] then
+            if dfs(v) then
+                return cycle
+            end
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+-- get edges
+function graph:edges()
+    return self._edges
+end
+
+-- add edge
+function graph:add_edge(from, to, weight)
+    local e = edge.new(from, to, weight)
+    if not self:has_vertex(from) then
+        table.insert(self._vertices, from)
+        self._adjacent_edges[from] = {}
+    end
+    if not self:has_vertex(to) then
+        table.insert(self._vertices, to)
+        self._adjacent_edges[to] = {}
+    end
+    if self:is_directed() then
+        table.insert(self._adjacent_edges[e:from()], e)
+    else
+        table.insert(self._adjacent_edges[e:from()], e)
+        table.insert(self._adjacent_edges[e:to()], e)
+    end
+    table.insert(self._edges, e)
+end
+
+-- has the given edge?
+function graph:has_edge(from, to)
+    local edges = self:adjacent_edges(from)
+    if edges then
+        for _, e in ipairs(edges) do
+            if e:to() == to then
+                return true
+            end
+        end
+    end
+    return false
+end
+
+-- clone graph
+function graph:clone()
+    local gh = graph.new(self:is_directed())
+    for _, v in ipairs(self:vertices()) do
+        local edges = self:adjacent_edges(v)
+        if edges then
+            for _, e in ipairs(edges) do
+                gh:add_edge(e:from(), e:to(), e:weight())
+            end
+        end
+    end
+    return gh
+end
+
+-- reverse graph
+function graph:reverse()
+    if not self:is_directed() then
+        return self:clone()
+    end
+    local gh = graph.new(self:is_directed())
+    for _, v in ipairs(self:vertices()) do
+        local edges = self:adjacent_edges(v)
+        if edges then
+            for _, e in ipairs(edges) do
+                gh:add_edge(e:to(), e:from(), e:weight())
+            end
+        end
+    end
+    return gh
+end
+
+-- dump graph
+function graph:dump()
+    local vertices = self:vertices()
+    local edges = self:edges()
+    print(string.format("graph: %s, vertices: %d, edges: %d", self:is_directed() and "directed" or "not-directed", #vertices, #edges))
+    print("vertices: ")
+    for _, v in ipairs(vertices) do
+        print(string.format("  %s", v))
+    end
+    print("")
+    print("edges: ")
+    for _, e in ipairs(edges) do
+        print(string.format("  %s -> %s", e:from(), e:to()))
+    end
+end
+
+-- new graph
+function graph.new(directed)
+    local gh = graph {directed}
+    gh:clear()
+    return gh
+end
+
+-- return module: graph
+return graph
+
diff --git a/xmake/core/base/interpreter.lua b/xmake/core/base/interpreter.lua
index 8a64aaa58..4733a3369 100644
--- a/xmake/core/base/interpreter.lua
+++ b/xmake/core/base/interpreter.lua
@@ -1214,6 +1214,77 @@ function interpreter:api_register_set_keyvalues(scope_kind, ...)
     self:_api_register_xxx_values(scope_kind, "set", implementation, ...)
 end
 
+-- register api for set_groups
+function interpreter:api_register_set_groups(scope_kind, ...)
+
+    -- define implementation
+    local implementation = function (self, scope, name, ...)
+
+        -- get extra config
+        local values = {...}
+        local extra_config = values[#values]
+        if table.is_dictionary(extra_config) then
+            table.remove(values)
+        else
+            extra_config = nil
+        end
+
+        -- expand values
+        values = table.join(table.unpack(values))
+        table.wrap_lock(values)
+
+        -- save values
+        scope[name] = values
+
+        -- save extra config
+        if extra_config then
+            scope["__extra_" .. name] = scope["__extra_" .. name] or {}
+            local extrascope = scope["__extra_" .. name]
+            local key = table.concat(values, "_")
+            extrascope[key] = extra_config
+        end
+    end
+
+    -- register implementation
+    self:_api_register_xxx_values(scope_kind, "set", implementation, ...)
+end
+
+-- register api for add_groups
+function interpreter:api_register_add_groups(scope_kind, ...)
+
+    -- define implementation
+    local implementation = function (self, scope, name, ...)
+
+        -- get extra config
+        local values = {...}
+        local extra_config = values[#values]
+        if table.is_dictionary(extra_config) then
+            table.remove(values)
+        else
+            extra_config = nil
+        end
+
+        -- expand values
+        values = table.join(table.unpack(values))
+
+        -- save values
+        scope[name] = scope[name] or {}
+        table.wrap_lock(values)
+        table.insert(scope[name], values)
+
+        -- save extra config
+        if extra_config then
+            scope["__extra_" .. name] = scope["__extra_" .. name] or {}
+            local extrascope = scope["__extra_" .. name]
+            local key = table.concat(values, "_")
+            extrascope[key] = extra_config
+        end
+    end
+
+    -- register implementation
+    self:_api_register_xxx_values(scope_kind, "add", implementation, ...)
+end
+
 -- register api for add_keyvalues
 --
 -- interp:api_register_add_keyvalues("scope_kind", "name1", "name2", ...)
diff --git a/xmake/core/base/scopeinfo.lua b/xmake/core/base/scopeinfo.lua
index d7215917f..68d87706b 100644
--- a/xmake/core/base/scopeinfo.lua
+++ b/xmake/core/base/scopeinfo.lua
@@ -188,6 +188,71 @@ function _instance:_api_add_values(name, ...)
     end
 end
 
+-- set the api groups to the scope info
+function _instance:_api_set_groups(name, ...)
+
+    -- get the scope info
+    local scope = self._INFO
+
+    -- get extra config
+    local values = {...}
+    local extra_config = values[#values]
+    if table.is_dictionary(extra_config) then
+        table.remove(values)
+    else
+        extra_config = nil
+    end
+
+    -- expand values
+    values = table.join(table.unpack(values))
+
+    -- save values
+    table.wrap_lock(values)
+    scope[name] = values
+    scope[name] = self:_api_handle(name, scope[name])
+
+    -- save extra config
+    if extra_config then
+        scope["__extra_" .. name] = scope["__extra_" .. name] or {}
+        local extrascope = scope["__extra_" .. name]
+        local key = table.concat(values, "_")
+        extrascope[key] = extra_config
+    end
+end
+
+-- add the api groups to the scope info
+function _instance:_api_add_groups(name, ...)
+
+    -- get the scope info
+    local scope = self._INFO
+
+    -- get extra config
+    local values = {...}
+    local extra_config = values[#values]
+    if table.is_dictionary(extra_config) then
+        table.remove(values)
+    else
+        extra_config = nil
+    end
+
+    -- expand values
+    values = table.join(table.unpack(values))
+
+    -- save values
+    scope[name] = scope[name] or {}
+    table.wrap_lock(values)
+    table.insert(scope[name], values)
+    scope[name] = self:_api_handle(name, scope[name])
+
+    -- save extra config
+    if extra_config then
+        scope["__extra_" .. name] = scope["__extra_" .. name] or {}
+        local extrascope = scope["__extra_" .. name]
+        local key = table.concat(values, "_")
+        extrascope[key] = extra_config
+    end
+end
+
 -- set the api key-values to the scope info
 function _instance:_api_set_keyvalues(name, key, ...)
 
@@ -630,6 +695,9 @@ function _instance:extraconf(name, item, key)
     local value = extraconf
     if item then
         value = extraconf and extraconf[item] or nil
+        if value == nil and extraconf and type(item) == "table" then
+            value = extraconf[table.concat(item, "_")]
+        end
         if value and key then
             value = value[key]
         end
diff --git a/xmake/core/language/language.lua b/xmake/core/language/language.lua
index 557839959..73045c933 100644
--- a/xmake/core/language/language.lua
+++ b/xmake/core/language/language.lua
@@ -370,17 +370,19 @@ function language.apis()
         if not languages then
             os.raise(errors)
         end
-        apis = {values = {}, paths = {}, custom = {}, dictionary = {}}
+        apis = {values = {}, groups = {}, paths = {}, custom = {}, dictionary = {}}
         for name, instance in pairs(languages) do
             local instance_apis = instance:get("apis")
             if instance_apis then
                 table.join2(apis.values,     table.wrap(instance_apis.values))
+                table.join2(apis.groups,     table.wrap(instance_apis.groups))
                 table.join2(apis.paths,      table.wrap(instance_apis.paths))
                 table.join2(apis.custom,     table.wrap(instance_apis.custom))
                 table.join2(apis.dictionary, table.wrap(instance_apis.dictionary))
             end
         end
         apis.values = table.unique(apis.values)
+        apis.groups = table.unique(apis.groups)
         apis.paths  = table.unique(apis.paths)
         apis.custom = table.unique(apis.custom)
         language._APIS = apis
diff --git a/xmake/core/sandbox/modules/import/core/base/graph.lua b/xmake/core/sandbox/modules/import/core/base/graph.lua
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ba7bca86d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xmake/core/sandbox/modules/import/core/base/graph.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+--!A cross-platform build utility based on Lua
+--
+-- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+-- you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+-- You may obtain a copy of the License at
+--
+--     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+--
+-- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+-- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+-- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+-- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+-- limitations under the License.
+--
+-- Copyright (C) 2015-present, TBOOX Open Source Group.
+--
+-- @author      ruki
+-- @file        graph.lua
+--
+
+-- return module
+return require("base/graph")
diff --git a/xmake/core/tool/builder.lua b/xmake/core/tool/builder.lua
index 3eda6ce6a..f07fc39d6 100644
--- a/xmake/core/tool/builder.lua
+++ b/xmake/core/tool/builder.lua
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ local utils    = require("base/utils")
 local table    = require("base/table")
 local string   = require("base/string")
 local option   = require("base/option")
+local hashset  = require("base/hashset")
+local graph    = require("base/graph")
 local tool     = require("tool/tool")
 local config   = require("project/config")
 local sandbox  = require("sandbox/sandbox")
@@ -290,53 +292,76 @@ function builder:_add_flags_from_argument(flags, target, args)
         end})
 end
 
--- add flags from the language
-function builder:_add_flags_from_language(flags, target, getters)
+-- add items from getter
+function builder:_add_items_from_getter(items, name, opt)
+    local values = opt.getter(name)
+    if values then
+        table.insert(items, {name = name, values = table.wrap(values), check = opt.check, multival = opt.multival, mapper = opt.mapper})
+    end
+end
+
+-- add items from config
+function builder:_add_items_from_config(items, name, opt)
+    local values = config.get(name)
+    if values and name:endswith("dirs") then
+        values = path.splitenv(values)
+    end
+    if values then
+        table.insert(items, {name = name, values = table.wrap(values), check = opt.check, multival = opt.multival, mapper = opt.mapper})
+    end
+end
 
-    -- init getters
-    --
-    -- e.g.
-    --
-    -- target.linkdirs => flags = getters("target")("linkdirs")
-    --
-    local getters = getters or
-    {
-        config      =   function (name)
-                            local values = config.get(name)
-                            if values and name:endswith("dirs") then
-                                values = path.splitenv(values)
-                            end
-                            return values
-                        end
-    ,   toolchain   =   function (name)
-                            if target and target:type() == "target" then
-                                return target:toolconfig(name)
-                            else
-                                return platform.toolconfig(name)
-                            end
-                        end
-    ,   target      =   function (name)
-                            local results = {}
-                            if target:type() == "target" then
+-- add items from toolchain
+function builder:_add_items_from_toolchain(items, name, opt)
+    local values
+    local target = opt.target
+    if target and target:type() == "target" then
+        values = target:toolconfig(name)
+    else
+        values = platform.toolconfig(name)
+    end
+    if values then
+        table.insert(items, {name = name, values = table.wrap(values), check = opt.check, multival = opt.multival, mapper = opt.mapper})
+    end
+end
+
+-- add items from option
+function builder:_add_items_from_option(items, name, opt)
+    local values
+    local target = opt.target
+    if target then
+        values = target:get(name)
+    end
+    if values then
+        table.insert(items, {name = name, values = table.wrap(values), check = opt.check, multival = opt.multival, mapper = opt.mapper})
+    end
+end
 
-                                -- get flagvalues of target with given flagname
-                                table.join2(results, target:get(name))
+-- add items from target
+function builder:_add_items_from_target(items, name, opt)
+    local values = {}
+    local target = opt.target
+    if target then
+        -- get flagvalues of target with given flagname
+        table.join2(values, target:get(name))
 
-                                -- get flagvalues of the attached options and packages
-                                table.join2(results, target:get_from_opts(name))
-                                table.join2(results, target:get_from_pkgs(name))
+        -- get flagvalues of the attached options and packages
+        table.join2(values, target:get_from_opts(name))
+        table.join2(values, target:get_from_pkgs(name))
 
-                                -- get flagvalues (public or interface) of all dependent targets (contain packages/options)
-                                table.join2(results, target:get_from_deps(name, {interface = true}))
+        -- get flagvalues (public or interface) of all dependent targets (contain packages/options)
+        table.join2(values, target:get_from_deps(name, {interface = true}))
+    end
+    if values and #values > 0 then
+        table.insert(items, {name = name, values = table.wrap(values), check = opt.check, multival = opt.multival, mapper = opt.mapper})
+    end
+end
 
-                            elseif target:type() == "option" then
-                                table.join2(results, target:get(name))
-                            end
-                            return results
-                        end
-    }
+-- add flags from the language
+function builder:_add_flags_from_language(flags, target, getters)
 
-    -- get name flags for builder
+    -- get order named items
+    local items = {}
     for _, flaginfo in ipairs(self:_nameflags()) do
 
         -- get flag info
@@ -350,43 +375,196 @@ function builder:_add_flags_from_language(flags, target, getters)
             end
         end
 
-        -- get getter
-        local getter = getters[flagscope]
-        if getter then
+        -- get api name of tool
+        local apiname  = flagname:gsub("^nf_", "")
 
-            -- get api name of tool
-            local apiname  = flagname:gsub("^nf_", "")
+        -- use multiple values mapper if be defined in tool module
+        local multival = false
+        if apiname:endswith("s") then
+            if self:_tool()["nf_" .. apiname] then
+                multival = true
+            else
+                apiname = apiname:sub(1, #apiname - 1)
+            end
+        end
 
-            -- use multiple values mapper if be defined in tool module
-            local multival = false
-            if apiname:endswith("s") then
-                if self:_tool()["nf_" .. apiname] then
-                    multival = true
-                else
-                    apiname = apiname:sub(1, #apiname - 1)
+        -- map named flags to real flags
+        local mapper = self:_tool()["nf_" .. apiname]
+        if mapper then
+            local opt = {target = target, check = checkstate, multival = multival, mapper = mapper}
+            if getters then
+                local getter = getters[flagscope]
+                if getter then
+                    opt.getter = getter
+                    self:_add_items_from_getter(items, flagname, opt)
                 end
+            elseif flagscope == "target" and target and target:type() == "target" then
+                self:_add_items_from_target(items, flagname, opt)
+            elseif flagscope == "target" and target and target:type() == "option" then
+                self:_add_items_from_option(items, flagname, opt)
+            elseif flagscope == "config" then
+                self:_add_items_from_config(items, flagname, opt)
+            elseif flagscope == "toolchain" then
+                self:_add_items_from_toolchain(items, flagname, opt)
             end
+        end
+    end
+
+    -- sort links
+    local kind = self:kind()
+    if (kind == "ld" or kind == "sh") and target and target:type() == "target" then
+        self:_sort_links_of_items(target, items)
+    end
 
-            -- map named flags to real flags
-            local mapper = self:_tool()["nf_" .. apiname]
-            if mapper then
-                if multival then
-                    local results = mapper(self:_tool(), table.wrap(getter(flagname)), target, self:_targetkind())
-                    for _, flag in ipairs(table.wrap(results)) do
-                        if flag and flag ~= "" and (not checkstate or self:has_flags(flag)) then
-                            table.insert(flags, flag)
-                        end
+    -- get flags from the items
+    for _, item in ipairs(items) do
+        local check = item.check
+        local mapper = item.mapper
+        if item.multival then
+            local results = mapper(self:_tool(), item.values, target, self:_targetkind())
+            for _, flag in ipairs(table.wrap(results)) do
+                if flag and flag ~= "" and (not check or self:has_flags(flag)) then
+                    table.insert(flags, flag)
+                end
+            end
+        else
+            for _, flagvalue in ipairs(item.values) do
+                local flag = mapper(self:_tool(), flagvalue, target, self:_targetkind())
+                if flag and flag ~= "" and (not check or self:has_flags(flag)) then
+                    table.insert(flags, flag)
+                end
+            end
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+-- sort links of items
+function builder:_sort_links_of_items(target, items)
+    local sortlinks = false
+    local makegroups = false
+    local linkorders = table.wrap(target:get("linkorders"))
+    if #linkorders > 0 then
+        sortlinks = true
+    end
+    local linkgroups = table.wrap(target:get("linkgroups"))
+    local linkgroups_set = hashset.new()
+    if #linkgroups > 0 then
+        makegroups = true
+        for _, linkgroup in ipairs(linkgroups) do
+            for _, link in ipairs(linkgroup) do
+                linkgroups_set:insert(link)
+            end
+        end
+    end
+
+    -- get all links
+    local links = {}
+    local linkgroups_map = {}
+    local link_mapper
+    local framework_mapper
+    local linkgroup_mapper
+    if sortlinks or makegroups then
+        table.remove_if(items, function (_, item)
+            local name = item.name
+            local removed = false
+            for _, value in ipairs(item.values) do
+                if name == "links" or name == "syslinks" then
+                    if not linkgroups_set:has(value) then
+                        table.insert(links, value)
                     end
-                else
-                    for _, flagvalue in ipairs(table.wrap(getter(flagname))) do
-                        local flag = mapper(self:_tool(), flagvalue, target, self:_targetkind())
-                        if flag and flag ~= "" and (not checkstate or self:has_flags(flag)) then
-                            table.insert(flags, flag)
-                        end
+                    link_mapper = item.mapper
+                    removed = true
+                elseif name == "frameworks" then
+                    table.insert(links, "framework::" .. value)
+                    framework_mapper = item.mapper
+                    removed = true
+                elseif name == "linkgroups" then
+                    local key = target:extraconf("linkgroups", value, "name") or tostring(value)
+                    table.insert(links, "linkgroup::" .. key)
+                    linkgroups_map[key] = value
+                    linkgroup_mapper = item.mapper
+                    removed = true
+                end
+            end
+            return removed
+        end)
+        links = table.reverse_unique(links)
+    end
+
+    -- sort sublinks
+    if sortlinks then
+        local gh = graph.new(true)
+        local from
+        local original_deps = {}
+        for _, link in ipairs(links) do
+            local to = link
+            if from and to then
+                original_deps[from] = to
+            end
+            from = to
+        end
+        -- we need remove cycle in original links
+        -- e.g.
+        -- original_deps: a -> b -> c -> d -> e
+        -- new deps: e -> b
+        -- graph: a -> b -> c -> d    e  (remove d -> e)
+        --            /\              |
+        --             |              |
+        --              --------------
+        local function remove_cycle_in_original_deps(f, t)
+            local k
+            local v = t
+            while v ~= f do
+                k = v
+                v = original_deps[v]
+                if v == nil then
+                    break
+                end
+            end
+            if v == f and k ~= nil then
+                original_deps[k] = nil
+            end
+        end
+        local links_set = hashset.from(links)
+        for _, linkorder in ipairs(linkorders) do
+            local from
+            for _, link in ipairs(linkorder) do
+                if links_set:has(link) then
+                    local to = link
+                    if from and to then
+                        remove_cycle_in_original_deps(from, to)
+                        gh:add_edge(from, to)
                     end
+                    from = to
                 end
             end
         end
+        for k, v in pairs(original_deps) do
+            gh:add_edge(k, v)
+        end
+        if not gh:empty() then
+            local cycle = gh:find_cycle()
+            if cycle then
+                utils.warning("cycle links found in add_linkorders(): %s", table.concat(cycle, " -> "))
+            end
+            links = gh:topological_sort()
+        end
+    end
+
+    -- re-generate links to items list
+    if sortlinks or makegroups then
+        for _, link in ipairs(links) do
+            if link:startswith("framework::") then
+                link = link:sub(12)
+                table.insert(items, {name = "frameworks", values = table.wrap(link), check = false, multival = false, mapper = framework_mapper})
+            elseif link:startswith("linkgroup::") then
+                local key = link:sub(12)
+                local value = linkgroups_map[key]
+                table.insert(items, {name = "linkgroups", values = table.wrap(value), check = false, multival = false, mapper = linkgroup_mapper})
+            else
+                table.insert(items, {name = "links", values = table.wrap(link), check = false, multival = false, mapper = link_mapper})
+            end
+        end
     end
 end
 
diff --git a/xmake/languages/asm/load.lua b/xmake/languages/asm/load.lua
index 9d3e76659..94eaa2c51 100644
--- a/xmake/languages/asm/load.lua
+++ b/xmake/languages/asm/load.lua
@@ -68,6 +68,11 @@ function _get_apis()
     ,   "toolchain.add_includedirs"
     ,   "toolchain.add_sysincludedirs"
     }
+    apis.groups = {
+        -- target.add_xxx
+        "target.add_linkorders"
+    ,   "target.add_linkgroups"
+    }
     apis.paths = {
         -- target.add_xxx
         "target.add_headerfiles"
diff --git a/xmake/languages/c++/load.lua b/xmake/languages/c++/load.lua
index ff251e778..b35938783 100644
--- a/xmake/languages/c++/load.lua
+++ b/xmake/languages/c++/load.lua
@@ -90,6 +90,11 @@ function _get_apis()
     ,   "toolchain.add_sysincludedirs"
     ,   "toolchain.add_frameworkdirs"
     }
+    apis.groups = {
+        -- target.add_xxx
+        "target.add_linkorders"
+    ,   "target.add_linkgroups"
+    }
     apis.paths = {
         -- target.set_xxx
         "target.set_pcheader"
diff --git a/xmake/languages/c++/xmake.lua b/xmake/languages/c++/xmake.lua
index e07b9e294..be6dc8bd1 100644
--- a/xmake/languages/c++/xmake.lua
+++ b/xmake/languages/c++/xmake.lua
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ language("c++")
         ,   "toolchain.frameworkdirs"
         ,   "config.links"
         ,   "target.links"
+        ,   "target.linkgroups"
         ,   "toolchain.links"
         ,   "config.frameworks"
         ,   "target.frameworks"
@@ -98,6 +99,7 @@ language("c++")
         ,   "toolchain.frameworkdirs"
         ,   "config.links"
         ,   "target.links"
+        ,   "target.linkgroups"
         ,   "toolchain.links"
         ,   "config.frameworks"
         ,   "target.frameworks"
diff --git a/xmake/languages/dlang/load.lua b/xmake/languages/dlang/load.lua
index 23653150c..f11fd8005 100644
--- a/xmake/languages/dlang/load.lua
+++ b/xmake/languages/dlang/load.lua
@@ -60,6 +60,11 @@ function _get_apis()
     ,   "toolchain.add_includedirs"
     ,   "toolchain.add_sysincludedirs"
     }
+    apis.groups = {
+        -- target.add_xxx
+        "target.add_linkorders"
+    ,   "target.add_linkgroups"
+    }
     apis.paths = {
         -- target.add_xxx
         "target.add_linkdirs"
diff --git a/xmake/languages/dlang/xmake.lua b/xmake/languages/dlang/xmake.lua
index 9749c0d15..d6b4be932 100644
--- a/xmake/languages/dlang/xmake.lua
+++ b/xmake/languages/dlang/xmake.lua
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ language("dlang")
         ,   "toolchain.rpathdirs"
         ,   "config.links"
         ,   "target.links"
+        ,   "target.linkgroups"
         ,   "toolchain.links"
         ,   "config.syslinks"
         ,   "target.syslinks"
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ language("dlang")
         ,   "toolchain.linkdirs"
         ,   "config.links"
         ,   "target.links"
+        ,   "target.linkgroups"
         ,   "toolchain.links"
         ,   "config.syslinks"
         ,   "target.syslinks"
diff --git a/xmake/languages/objc++/load.lua b/xmake/languages/objc++/load.lua
index b41ef77f3..8f4ae8a24 100644
--- a/xmake/languages/objc++/load.lua
+++ b/xmake/languages/objc++/load.lua
@@ -89,6 +89,11 @@ function _get_apis()
     ,   "toolchain.add_sysincludedirs"
     ,   "toolchain.add_frameworkdirs"
     }
+    apis.groups = {
+        -- target.add_xxx
+        "target.add_linkorders"
+    ,   "target.add_linkgroups"
+    }
     apis.paths = {
         -- target.set_xxx
         "target.set_pmheader"
diff --git a/xmake/languages/objc++/xmake.lua b/xmake/languages/objc++/xmake.lua
index 00fae204b..e1cb6ffa5 100644
--- a/xmake/languages/objc++/xmake.lua
+++ b/xmake/languages/objc++/xmake.lua
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ language("objc++")
         ,   "toolchain.frameworkdirs"
         ,   "config.links"
         ,   "target.links"
+        ,   "target.linkgroups"
         ,   "toolchain.links"
         ,   "config.frameworks"
         ,   "target.frameworks"
@@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ language("objc++")
         ,   "toolchain.frameworkdirs"
         ,   "config.links"
         ,   "target.links"
+        ,   "target.linkgroups"
         ,   "toolchain.links"
         ,   "config.frameworks"
         ,   "target.frameworks"
diff --git a/xmake/modules/core/tools/gcc.lua b/xmake/modules/core/tools/gcc.lua
index 93525848f..f87eb24ea 100644
--- a/xmake/modules/core/tools/gcc.lua
+++ b/xmake/modules/core/tools/gcc.lua
@@ -304,6 +304,33 @@ function nf_syslink(self, lib)
     return nf_link(self, lib)
 end
 
+-- make the link group flag
+function nf_linkgroup(self, linkgroup, target)
+    local linkflags = {}
+    for _, lib in ipairs(linkgroup) do
+        table.insert(linkflags, nf_link(self, lib))
+    end
+    local flags = {}
+    if not target:is_plat("macosx", "windows", "mingw") then
+        local group = target:extraconf("linkgroups", linkgroup, "group")
+        if group then
+            table.join2(flags, "-Wl,--start-group", linkflags, "-Wl,--end-group")
+        end
+        local whole = target:extraconf("linkgroups", linkgroup, "whole")
+        if whole then
+            table.join2(flags, "-Wl,--whole-archive", linkflags, "-Wl,--no-whole-archive")
+        end
+        local static = target:extraconf("linkgroups", linkgroup, "static")
+        if static then
+            table.join2(flags, "-Wl,-Bstatic", linkflags, "-Wl,-Bdynamic")
+        end
+    end
+    if #flags == 0 then
+        flags = linkflags
+    end
+    return flags
+end
+
 -- make the linkdir flag
 function nf_linkdir(self, dir)
     return {"-L" .. path.translate(dir)}