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# RT-Thread for x86
## Intro
This x86 BSP support both newlib & picolib, with toolchain available
- **Newlib:** `i686-atxhua-newlib-elf-`
- **Picolibc:** `i686-atxhua-picolib-elf-`
## Install Toolchain
To install toolchain run the following command:
- **Newlib:** sudo ../../tools/ci/toolchain.sh i686-atxhua-newlib-elf-gcc
- **Picolibc:** sudo ../../tools/ci/toolchain.sh i686-atxhua-picolib-elf-gcc
## Configuration
Use `menuconfig` to select your preferred C library:
1. Run `scons --menuconfig`
2. Navigate to `X86 Features` -> `C Library type`
3. Select either `Newlib`(default) or `Picolibc`
## Building
After select the correct library in `menuconfig`, set the toolchain path and prefix:
### Newlib
```bash
export RTT_EXEC_PATH=/opt/i686-atxhua-newlib-elf-gcc/bin
export RTT_CC_PREFIX=i686-atxhua-newlib-elf-
scons
```
### Picolib
```bash
export RTT_EXEC_PATH=/opt/i686-atxhua-picolib-elf-gcc/bin
export RTT_CC_PREFIX=i686-atxhua-picolib-elf-
scons
```
## Result ELF
### Newlib
```
Memory region Used Size Region Size %age Used
i686-atxhua-newlib-elf-objcopy -O binary rtthread.elf rtthread.bin
i686-atxhua-newlib-elf-size rtthread.elf
text data bss dec hex filename
212900 3274 10844 227018 376ca rtthread.elf
scons: done building targets.
```
### Picolib
```
Memory region Used Size Region Size %age Used
i686-atxhua-picolib-elf-objcopy -O binary rtthread.elf rtthread.bin
i686-atxhua-picolib-elf-size rtthread.elf
text data bss dec hex filename
174122 2568 10528 187218 2db52 rtthread.elf
scons: done building targets.
```
这是一份基础的RT-Thread针对x86的版本、移植，主要是能够在qemu中执行。以下说明主要针对Linux的环境，如果是Windows环境，请使用Env工具，同时请自行处理生成iso的方法。
## 编译
编译RT-Thread for x86版本，还需要一份支持newlib的工具链，可以通过以下地址获得：
* [i386-unknown-elf_for_x86_64-pc-linux-gnu_latest.tar.bz2](http://117.143.63.254:9012/www/rt-smart/i386-unknown-elf_for_x86_64-pc-linux-gnu_latest.tar.bz2)
* [ GCC 15.2.0 w/ Newlib 4.6.0.20260123: https://github.com/atxhua/i686-atxhua-newlib-elf/releases/download/15.2.0/i686-atxhua-newlib-elf-linux.tar.gz ](https://github.com/atxhua/i686-atxhua-newlib-elf/releases/download/15.2.0/i686-atxhua-newlib-elf-linux.tar.gz)
* [ GCC 15.2.0 w/ Picolib 1.8.11: https://github.com/atxhua/i686-atxhua-picolib-elf/releases/download/15.2.0/i686-atxhua-picolib-elf-linux.tar.gz ](https://github.com/atxhua/i686-atxhua-picolib-elf/releases/download/15.2.0/i686-atxhua-picolib-elf-linux.tar.gz)
下载后解压，然后配置RTT_EXEC_PATH & RTT_CC_PREFIX 变量
```bash
export RTT_EXEC_PATH='/path/to/i686-atxhua-newlib-elf-linux/bin'
export RTT_CC_PREFIX='i686-atxhua-newlib-elf-'
```
rtconfig.py
```python
if CROSS_TOOL == 'gcc':
PLATFORM = 'gcc'
EXEC_PATH = os.getenv('RTT_EXEC_PATH') or 'E:/Program Files/CodeSourcery/Sourcery_CodeBench_Lite_for_IA32_ELF/bin'
if PLATFORM == 'gcc':
# toolchains
PREFIX = os.getenv('RTT_CC_PREFIX') or 'i386-unknown-elf-'
```
然后在x86 bsp目录下执行scons命令来编译：
```bash
scons
```
### 配置
RT-Thread for x86的版本也支持menuconfig的配置方式，在Linux下可以使用`scons --menuconfig`的方式进行配置。
因为menuconfig是一份字符界面的配置（Kconfig），在ubuntu下需要安装ncurses5的库
```bash
sudo apt install libncurses5-dev
```
## 运行
在ubuntu下运行，请确保你安装了`qemu-system-i386`，`grub` 以及 `xorriso`软件包：
```bash
sudo apt install qemu-system-x86 grub-common xorriso
```
然后使用qemu来模拟执行
```bash
$ qemu-system-i386 -M pc -kernel rtthread.elf -nographic
SeaBIOS (version 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2)
iPXE (https://ipxe.org) 00:03.0 CA00 PCI2.10 PnP PMM+06FCAE00+06F0AE00 CA00
Booting from ROM..
\ | /
- RT - Thread Operating System
/ | \ 5.3.0 build May 10 2026 21:25:36
2006 - 2024 Copyright by RT-Thread team
Floppy Inc : NEC765B controller Floppy Type : 2.88MB
[I/DBG] root filesystem mounted.
hello!
msh />
```
在qemu下可以按Ctrl-A + X退出qemu。
|
