Completed Windows simulator support and regression coverage (#736)

Completed and stabilized the Win32 and Win64 MSVC simulator ports.

- Replaced high-latency host synchronization with bounded scheduler handoffs and
  critical sections.
- Added a high-resolution timer, tick batching, idle fast-forward, shutdown
  coordination and Win64 extension-pointer support.
- Brought the Windows regression tooling and the new thread-transition tests up
  on CMake, Ninja and the Visual Studio Build Tools.
- Extended the SMP teardown diagnostics and corrected 64-bit trace-test handling.

This supersedes the historical `win64`, `win32-perf`, `windows-sim-ports` and
`windows-sim-ports-completion` branches; no unmerged change from them is missing
here. The original Win64 port landed in #529.

1,610 of 1,610 tests pass, across five configurations each: Win32 515, Win64 515,
Win64 SMP 580. No external dependency was added, and the existing MSVC warnings
in the trace configuration are unchanged. Hardware validation does not apply to
host simulator ports.

Assisted-by: Codex (gpt-5.6-sol) <[email protected]>

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