Merge branch 'master' into dwc2_deinit

140 files changed, 554 insertions, 402 deletions

diff --git a/.circleci/config2.yml b/.circleci/config2.yml
index a31b0a818..bb0ac350f 100644
--- a/.circleci/config2.yml
+++ b/.circleci/config2.yml
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ commands:
           no_output_timeout: 20m
           command: |
             if [ << parameters.toolchain >> == esp-idf ]; then
-              docker run --rm -v $PWD:/project -w /project espressif/idf:v5.3.2 python tools/build.py << parameters.build-args >> --target all << parameters.family >>
+              docker run --rm -v $PWD:/project -w /project espressif/idf:v5.5.3 python tools/build.py << parameters.build-args >> --target all << parameters.family >>
             else
               # Toolchain option default is gcc
               if [ << parameters.toolchain >> == arm-clang ]; then
diff --git a/.github/actions/setup_toolchain/espressif/action.yml b/.github/actions/setup_toolchain/espressif/action.yml
index e9d645ac8..90ef753c4 100644
--- a/.github/actions/setup_toolchain/espressif/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/setup_toolchain/espressif/action.yml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ inputs:
   toolchain_version:
     description: 'Toolchain version'
     required: false
-    default: 'v5.3.2'
+    default: 'v5.5.3'
 
 runs:
   using: "composite"
diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index a5159aa4a..b4f87e98c 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ information that does not match the info here.
 - For specific board families: `python3 tools/get_deps.py FAMILY_NAME` (e.g., rp2040, stm32f4), or
   `python3 tools/get_deps.py -b BOARD_NAME`
 - Dependencies are cached in `lib/` and `hw/mcu/` directories
+- For **Espressif** boards, initialize the ESP-IDF environment before any build/flash/monitor command:
+  `. $HOME/code/esp-idf/export.sh`
 
 ## Build Examples
 
@@ -59,6 +61,19 @@ make BOARD=raspberry_pi_pico all
 
 -- takes 2-3 seconds. NEVER CANCEL. Set timeout to 5+ minutes.
 
+**Option 4: Espressif Example with ESP-IDF**
+
+Only ESP-IDF-enabled examples are supported for Espressif boards. Use FreeRTOS examples such as `examples/device/cdc_msc_freertos`
+that contain `idf_component_register()` support.
+
+```bash
+. $HOME/code/esp-idf/export.sh
+cd examples/device/cdc_msc_freertos
+idf.py -DBOARD=espressif_s3_devkitc build
+```
+
+Use `-DBOARD=...` with any supported board under `hw/bsp/espressif/boards/`. NEVER CANCEL. Set timeout to 10+ minutes.
+
 
 ## Build Options
 
@@ -90,6 +105,14 @@ make BOARD=raspberry_pi_pico all
     - CMake: `ninja cdc_msc-uf2`
     - Make: `make BOARD=raspberry_pi_pico all uf2`
 - **List all targets** (CMake/Ninja): `ninja -t targets`
+- **Espressif flash**:
+    - Run `. $HOME/code/esp-idf/export.sh`
+    - `cd examples/device/cdc_msc_freertos`
+    - `idf.py -DBOARD=espressif_s3_devkitc flash`
+- **Espressif serial monitor / chip log output**:
+    - Run `. $HOME/code/esp-idf/export.sh`
+    - `cd examples/device/cdc_msc_freertos`
+    - `idf.py -DBOARD=espressif_s3_devkitc monitor`
 
 ## J-Link GDB Server + RTT Logging
 
diff --git a/examples/device/audio_4_channel_mic/src/main.c b/examples/device/audio_4_channel_mic/src/main.c
index 5767c7453..c9c6dd46c 100644
--- a/examples/device/audio_4_channel_mic/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/audio_4_channel_mic/src/main.c
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ void tud_resume_cb(void) {
 // In a real application, this would be replaced with actual I2S receive callback.
 void audio_task(void) {
   static uint32_t start_ms = 0;
-  uint32_t curr_ms = board_millis();
+  uint32_t curr_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
   if (start_ms == curr_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/audio_test/src/main.c b/examples/device/audio_test/src/main.c
index 2441eefbc..876a41d06 100644
--- a/examples/device/audio_test/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/audio_test/src/main.c
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ void tud_resume_cb(void) {
 // In a real application, this would be replaced with actual I2S receive callback.
 void audio_task(void) {
   static uint32_t start_ms = 0;
-  uint32_t curr_ms = board_millis();
+  uint32_t curr_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
   if (start_ms == curr_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/audio_test_multi_rate/src/main.c b/examples/device/audio_test_multi_rate/src/main.c
index baeec870f..952176997 100644
--- a/examples/device/audio_test_multi_rate/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/audio_test_multi_rate/src/main.c
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ void tud_resume_cb(void) {
 // In a real application, this would be replaced with actual I2S receive callback.
 void audio_task(void) {
   static uint32_t start_ms = 0;
-  uint32_t curr_ms = board_millis();
+  uint32_t curr_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
   if (start_ms == curr_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/board_test/src/main.c b/examples/device/board_test/src/main.c
index ee0829e5b..757876ac8 100644
--- a/examples/device/board_test/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/board_test/src/main.c
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ int main(void) {
     }
 
     // Blink and print every interval ms
-    if (!(board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms)) {
-      start_ms = board_millis();
+    if (!(tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < interval_ms)) {
+      start_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
 
       if (ch < 0) {
         // skip if echoing
diff --git a/examples/device/cdc_dual_ports/src/main.c b/examples/device/cdc_dual_ports/src/main.c
index 5ccb06a8a..6f918218d 100644
--- a/examples/device/cdc_dual_ports/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/cdc_dual_ports/src/main.c
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/cdc_msc/src/main.c b/examples/device/cdc_msc/src/main.c
index 06a4f732f..b00a0e3a9 100644
--- a/examples/device/cdc_msc/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/cdc_msc/src/main.c
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
 
   if (blink_enable) {
     // Blink every interval ms
-    if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+    if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
       return; // not enough time
     }
     start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/cdc_uac2/src/uac2_app.c b/examples/device/cdc_uac2/src/uac2_app.c
index 73a262d0c..7760c402b 100644
--- a/examples/device/cdc_uac2/src/uac2_app.c
+++ b/examples/device/cdc_uac2/src/uac2_app.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ uint8_t current_resolution;
 // In a real application, this would be replaced with actual I2S send/receive callback.
 void audio_task(void) {
   static uint32_t start_ms = 0;
-  uint32_t curr_ms = board_millis();
+  uint32_t curr_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
   if (start_ms == curr_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void)
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return;
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/dfu/src/main.c b/examples/device/dfu/src/main.c
index 77632bf1a..fb3c22630 100644
--- a/examples/device/dfu/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/dfu/src/main.c
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool     led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/dfu_runtime/src/main.c b/examples/device/dfu_runtime/src/main.c
index 5de651bcd..6f412e8de 100644
--- a/examples/device/dfu_runtime/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/dfu_runtime/src/main.c
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void)
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/dynamic_configuration/src/main.c b/examples/device/dynamic_configuration/src/main.c
index dac74bb7a..8ebb42f9a 100644
--- a/examples/device/dynamic_configuration/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/dynamic_configuration/src/main.c
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ void midi_task(void) {
   while( tud_midi_available() ) tud_midi_packet_read(packet);
 
   // send note every 1000 ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < 286) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < 286) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += 286;
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return;// not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/hid_boot_interface/src/main.c b/examples/device/hid_boot_interface/src/main.c
index 44a91db67..4de319f52 100644
--- a/examples/device/hid_boot_interface/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/hid_boot_interface/src/main.c
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ void hid_task(void) {
   const uint32_t  interval_ms = 10;
   static uint32_t start_ms    = 0;
 
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += interval_ms;
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   }
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/hid_composite/src/main.c b/examples/device/hid_composite/src/main.c
index 9693d564d..7c9d5af8d 100644
--- a/examples/device/hid_composite/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/hid_composite/src/main.c
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ void hid_task(void) {
   const uint32_t  interval_ms = 10;
   static uint32_t start_ms    = 0;
 
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += interval_ms;
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   }
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/hid_generic_inout/src/main.c b/examples/device/hid_generic_inout/src/main.c
index 9837a47d9..2a6b91a8a 100644
--- a/examples/device/hid_generic_inout/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/hid_generic_inout/src/main.c
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void)
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if ( board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+  if ( tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/device/hid_multiple_interface/src/main.c b/examples/device/hid_multiple_interface/src/main.c
index 0bccd13c1..c71a9cbad 100644
--- a/examples/device/hid_multiple_interface/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/hid_multiple_interface/src/main.c
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ void hid_task(void)
   const uint32_t interval_ms = 10;
   static uint32_t start_ms = 0;
 
-  if ( board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+  if ( tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < interval_ms) return; // not enough time
   start_ms += interval_ms;
 
   uint32_t const btn = board_button_read();
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void)
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if ( board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+  if ( tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/device/midi_test/src/main.c b/examples/device/midi_test/src/main.c
index fd58e3021..1154c1d60 100644
--- a/examples/device/midi_test/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/midi_test/src/main.c
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ void midi_task(void)
   }
 
   // send note periodically
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < 286) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < 286) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += 286;
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void)
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if ( board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+  if ( tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/device/msc_dual_lun/src/main.c b/examples/device/msc_dual_lun/src/main.c
index 62b1c872a..b459871f7 100644
--- a/examples/device/msc_dual_lun/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/msc_dual_lun/src/main.c
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/device/mtp/src/main.c b/examples/device/mtp/src/main.c
index 57d1535b2..6ffa435d1 100644
--- a/examples/device/mtp/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/mtp/src/main.c
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/device/net_lwip_webserver/src/main.c b/examples/device/net_lwip_webserver/src/main.c
index 867cf2812..9f26da2ba 100644
--- a/examples/device/net_lwip_webserver/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/net_lwip_webserver/src/main.c
@@ -291,5 +291,5 @@ void sys_arch_unprotect(sys_prot_t pval) {
 
 /* lwip needs a millisecond time source, and the TinyUSB board support code has one available */
 uint32_t sys_now(void) {
-  return board_millis();
+  return tusb_time_millis_api();
 }
diff --git a/examples/device/uac2_headset/src/main.c b/examples/device/uac2_headset/src/main.c
index 96fa66f1e..0ea63d8f7 100644
--- a/examples/device/uac2_headset/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/uac2_headset/src/main.c
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ bool tud_audio_set_itf_cb(uint8_t rhport, tusb_control_request_t const *p_reques
 // In a real application, this would be replaced with actual I2S send/receive callback.
 void audio_task(void) {
   static uint32_t start_ms = 0;
-  uint32_t curr_ms = board_millis();
+  uint32_t curr_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
   if (start_ms == curr_ms) return;// not enough time
   start_ms = curr_ms;
   // When new data arrived, copy data from speaker buffer, to microphone buffer
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ void audio_control_task(void) {
   static uint32_t start_ms = 0;
   static uint32_t btn_prev = 0;
 
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms) return;// not enough time
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < interval_ms) return;// not enough time
   start_ms += interval_ms;
 
   uint32_t btn = board_button_read();
@@ -644,7 +644,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return;
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return;
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/device/uac2_speaker_fb/src/main.c b/examples/device/uac2_speaker_fb/src/main.c
index 7b4e2d64c..8323d82e8 100644
--- a/examples/device/uac2_speaker_fb/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/uac2_speaker_fb/src/main.c
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ bool tud_audio_rx_done_isr(uint8_t rhport, uint16_t n_bytes_received, uint8_t fu
 // In a real application, this would be replaced with actual I2S transmit callback.
 void audio_task(void) {
   static uint32_t start_ms = 0;
-  uint32_t curr_ms = board_millis();
+  uint32_t curr_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
   if (start_ms == curr_ms) return;// not enough time
   start_ms = curr_ms;
 
@@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return;
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return;
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
 // Every 1ms, we will sent 1 debug information report
 void audio_debug_task(void) {
   static uint32_t start_ms = 0;
-  uint32_t curr_ms = board_millis();
+  uint32_t curr_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
   if (start_ms == curr_ms) return;// not enough time
   start_ms = curr_ms;
 
diff --git a/examples/device/usbtmc/src/main.c b/examples/device/usbtmc/src/main.c
index 5cbbb85ef..b1269b117 100644
--- a/examples/device/usbtmc/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/usbtmc/src/main.c
@@ -124,12 +124,12 @@ void led_blinking_task(void)
     {
       led_state = true;
       board_led_write(true);
-      start_ms = board_millis();
+      start_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
       doPulse = false;
     }
     else if (led_state == true)
     {
-      if ( board_millis() - start_ms < 750) //Spec says blink must be between 500 and 1000 ms.
+      if ( tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < 750) //Spec says blink must be between 500 and 1000 ms.
       {
         return; // not enough time
       }
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void)
   else
   {
     // Blink every interval ms
-    if ( board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+    if ( tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
     start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
 
     board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/device/usbtmc/src/usbtmc_app.c b/examples/device/usbtmc/src/usbtmc_app.c
index 4c3724ac4..35e8618f5 100644
--- a/examples/device/usbtmc/src/usbtmc_app.c
+++ b/examples/device/usbtmc/src/usbtmc_app.c
@@ -209,19 +209,19 @@ void usbtmc_app_task_iter(void) {
   case 0:
     break;
   case 1:
-    queryDelayStart = board_millis();
+    queryDelayStart = tusb_time_millis_api();
     queryState = 2;
     break;
   case 2:
-    if( (board_millis() - queryDelayStart) > resp_delay) {
-      queryDelayStart = board_millis();
+    if( (tusb_time_millis_api() - queryDelayStart) > resp_delay) {
+      queryDelayStart = tusb_time_millis_api();
       queryState=3;
       status |= 0x10u; // MAV
       status |= 0x40u; // SRQ
     }
     break;
   case 3:
-    if( (board_millis() - queryDelayStart) > resp_delay) {
+    if( (tusb_time_millis_api() - queryDelayStart) > resp_delay) {
       queryState = 4;
     }
     break;
diff --git a/examples/device/video_capture/src/main.c b/examples/device/video_capture/src/main.c
index ffa2a7afa..df9f77a1c 100644
--- a/examples/device/video_capture/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/video_capture/src/main.c
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ static void video_send_frame(void) {
   if (!already_sent) {
     already_sent = 1;
     tx_busy = 1;
-    start_ms = board_millis();
+    start_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
 #if defined(CFG_EXAMPLE_VIDEO_BUFFERLESS)
     tud_video_n_frame_xfer(0, 0, NULL, FRAME_WIDTH * FRAME_HEIGHT * 16 / 8);
 #elif defined (CFG_EXAMPLE_VIDEO_READONLY)
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ static void video_send_frame(void) {
 #endif
   }
 
-  unsigned cur = board_millis();
+  unsigned cur = tusb_time_millis_api();
   if (cur - start_ms < interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void* param) {
     #if CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_FREERTOS
     vTaskDelay(blink_interval_ms / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
     #else
-    if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+    if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
       return; // not enough time
     }
     #endif
diff --git a/examples/device/video_capture_2ch/src/main.c b/examples/device/video_capture_2ch/src/main.c
index 79b149f2b..debd336fd 100644
--- a/examples/device/video_capture_2ch/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/video_capture_2ch/src/main.c
@@ -221,13 +221,13 @@ static void video_send_frame(uint_fast8_t ctl_idx, uint_fast8_t stm_idx) {
   if (!(already_sent & (1u << idx))) {
     already_sent |= 1u << idx;
     tx_busy |= 1u << idx;
-    start_ms[idx] = board_millis();
+    start_ms[idx] = tusb_time_millis_api();
 
     fb_size = get_framebuf(ctl_idx, stm_idx, frame_num[idx], &fp);
     tud_video_n_frame_xfer(ctl_idx, stm_idx, fp, fb_size);
   }
 
-  unsigned cur = board_millis();
+  unsigned cur = tusb_time_millis_api();
   if (cur - start_ms[idx] < interval_ms[idx]) return; // not enough time
   if (tx_busy & (1u << idx)) return;
   start_ms[idx] += interval_ms[idx];
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void* param) {
     #if CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_FREERTOS
     vTaskDelay(blink_interval_ms / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
     #else
-    if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+    if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
     #endif
 
     start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/device/webusb_serial/src/main.c b/examples/device/webusb_serial/src/main.c
index 155768b76..4be5e4db4 100644
--- a/examples/device/webusb_serial/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/device/webusb_serial/src/main.c
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/dual/host_hid_to_device_cdc/src/main.c b/examples/dual/host_hid_to_device_cdc/src/main.c
index 8c53588c3..ba8ba019a 100644
--- a/examples/dual/host_hid_to_device_cdc/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/dual/host_hid_to_device_cdc/src/main.c
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/dual/host_info_to_device_cdc/src/main.c b/examples/dual/host_info_to_device_cdc/src/main.c
index fffb54d58..7cf43aef3 100644
--- a/examples/dual/host_info_to_device_cdc/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/dual/host_info_to_device_cdc/src/main.c
@@ -213,13 +213,13 @@ void cdc_task(void) {
   static uint32_t connected_ms = 0;
 
   if (!tud_cdc_connected()) {
-    connected_ms = board_millis();
+    connected_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
     return;
   }
 
   // delay a bit otherwise we can outpace host's terminal. Linux will set LineState (DTR) then Line Coding.
   // If we send data before Linux's terminal set Line Coding, it can be ignored --> missing data with hardware test loop
-  if (board_millis() - connected_ms < 100) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - connected_ms < 100) {
     return; // wait for stable connection
   }
 
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
     return;// not enough time
   }
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/host/bare_api/src/main.c b/examples/host/bare_api/src/main.c
index c693d6b00..ced2eaa32 100644
--- a/examples/host/bare_api/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/host/bare_api/src/main.c
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < interval_ms) {
     return; // not enough time
   }
   start_ms += interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/host/cdc_msc_hid/src/main.c b/examples/host/cdc_msc_hid/src/main.c
index c309a7cae..c27ad93fe 100644
--- a/examples/host/cdc_msc_hid/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/host/cdc_msc_hid/src/main.c
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms) {
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < interval_ms) {
     return;// not enough time
   }
   start_ms += interval_ms;
diff --git a/examples/host/device_info/src/main.c b/examples/host/device_info/src/main.c
index ab617e989..fd4e9c3ed 100644
--- a/examples/host/device_info/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/host/device_info/src/main.c
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void* param) {
 #if CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_FREERTOS
     vTaskDelay(blink_interval_ms / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
 #else
-    if (board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
+    if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) {
       return; // not enough time
     }
 #endif
diff --git a/examples/host/hid_controller/src/hid_app.c b/examples/host/hid_controller/src/hid_app.c
index f8c3d029b..5417811f0 100644
--- a/examples/host/hid_controller/src/hid_app.c
+++ b/examples/host/hid_controller/src/hid_app.c
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ void hid_app_task(void)
     const uint32_t interval_ms = 200;
     static uint32_t start_ms = 0;
 
-    uint32_t current_time_ms = board_millis();
+    uint32_t current_time_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
     if ( current_time_ms - start_ms >= interval_ms)
     {
       start_ms = current_time_ms;
diff --git a/examples/host/hid_controller/src/main.c b/examples/host/hid_controller/src/main.c
index fa70d7d1a..a9eebc90b 100644
--- a/examples/host/hid_controller/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/host/hid_controller/src/main.c
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if ( board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+  if ( tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < interval_ms) return; // not enough time
   start_ms += interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/host/midi_rx/src/main.c b/examples/host/midi_rx/src/main.c
index 78b1a11b9..f189e0864 100644
--- a/examples/host/midi_rx/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/host/midi_rx/src/main.c
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms) return;// not enough time
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < interval_ms) return;// not enough time
   start_ms += interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/host/msc_file_explorer/src/main.c b/examples/host/msc_file_explorer/src/main.c
index f9ec0ff5f..0a8967380 100644
--- a/examples/host/msc_file_explorer/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/host/msc_file_explorer/src/main.c
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void) {
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if (board_millis() - start_ms < interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+  if (tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < interval_ms) return; // not enough time
   start_ms += interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/examples/typec/power_delivery/src/main.c b/examples/typec/power_delivery/src/main.c
index de0db4721..f6191bfe8 100644
--- a/examples/typec/power_delivery/src/main.c
+++ b/examples/typec/power_delivery/src/main.c
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ void led_blinking_task(void)
   static bool led_state = false;
 
   // Blink every interval ms
-  if ( board_millis() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
+  if ( tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < blink_interval_ms) return; // not enough time
   start_ms += blink_interval_ms;
 
   board_led_write(led_state);
diff --git a/hw/bsp/at32f402_405/family.c b/hw/bsp/at32f402_405/family.c
index a6c2217fe..b7dbcbd98 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/at32f402_405/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/at32f402_405/family.c
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ size_t board_get_unique_id(uint8_t id[], size_t max_len)
   {
     system_ticks++;
   }
-  uint32_t board_millis(void)
+  uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
   {
     return system_ticks;
   }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/at32f403a_407/family.c b/hw/bsp/at32f403a_407/family.c
index dd9b85dc5..d4a7e446d 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/at32f403a_407/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/at32f403a_407/family.c
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/at32f413/family.c b/hw/bsp/at32f413/family.c
index bdaed523c..adf29e097 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/at32f413/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/at32f413/family.c
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/at32f415/family.c b/hw/bsp/at32f415/family.c
index 2fbd4c821..b592bf6c5 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/at32f415/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/at32f415/family.c
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/at32f423/family.c b/hw/bsp/at32f423/family.c
index f30c6a83f..71cb559dc 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/at32f423/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/at32f423/family.c
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/at32f425/family.c b/hw/bsp/at32f425/family.c
index 4ff4c8d6a..7f443509e 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/at32f425/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/at32f425/family.c
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/at32f435_437/family.c b/hw/bsp/at32f435_437/family.c
index 01dd429f8..6c6bc4d72 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/at32f435_437/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/at32f435_437/family.c
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ volatile uint32_t system_ticks = 0;
 void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 void SVC_Handler(void) {
diff --git a/hw/bsp/at32f45x/family.c b/hw/bsp/at32f45x/family.c
index 0593e5115..fa0c1139f 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/at32f45x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/at32f45x/family.c
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/board.c b/hw/bsp/board.c
index 483d9dc28..91e7de9fe 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/board.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/board.c
@@ -161,10 +161,6 @@ void board_putchar(int c) {
   (void) sys_write(0, (const char*)&c, 1);
 }
 
-uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
-  return board_millis();
-}
-
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
 // FreeRTOS hooks
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/hw/bsp/board_api.h b/hw/bsp/board_api.h
index 606ac484f..4487871eb 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/board_api.h
+++ b/hw/bsp/board_api.h
@@ -98,43 +98,6 @@ int board_uart_read(uint8_t *buf, int len);
 // Send characters to UART. Return number of sent bytes
 int board_uart_write(void const *buf, int len);
 
-#if CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_NONE
-// Get current milliseconds, must be implemented when no RTOS is used
-uint32_t board_millis(void);
-
-#elif CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_FREERTOS
-static inline uint32_t board_millis(void) {
-  return ( ( ((uint64_t) xTaskGetTickCount()) * 1000) / configTICK_RATE_HZ );
-}
-
-#elif CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_MYNEWT
-static inline uint32_t board_millis(void) {
-  return os_time_ticks_to_ms32( os_time_get() );
-}
-
-#elif CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_PICO
-#include "pico/time.h"
-static inline uint32_t board_millis(void) {
-  return to_ms_since_boot(get_absolute_time());
-}
-
-#elif CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_RTTHREAD
-static inline uint32_t board_millis(void) {
-  return (((uint64_t)rt_tick_get()) * 1000 / RT_TICK_PER_SECOND);
-}
-
-#elif CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_CUSTOM
-// Implement your own board_millis() in any of .c file
-uint32_t board_millis(void);
-
-#elif CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_ZEPHYR
-static inline uint32_t board_millis(void) {
-  return k_uptime_get_32();
-}
-#else
-  #error "board_millis() is not implemented for this OS"
-#endif
-
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 // Helper functions
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
@@ -175,8 +138,8 @@ static inline size_t board_usb_get_serial(uint16_t desc_str1[], size_t max_chars
 
 // TODO remove
 static inline void board_delay(uint32_t ms) {
-  uint32_t start_ms = board_millis();
-  while ( board_millis() - start_ms < ms ) {
+  uint32_t start_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
+  while ( tusb_time_millis_api() - start_ms < ms ) {
     // take chance to run usb background
     #if CFG_TUD_ENABLED
     tud_task();
diff --git a/hw/bsp/broadcom_32bit/family.c b/hw/bsp/broadcom_32bit/family.c
index f8f3b0b70..399397bb4 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/broadcom_32bit/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/broadcom_32bit/family.c
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ void TIMER_1_IRQHandler(void) {
   SYSTMR->CS_b.M1 = 1;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/broadcom_64bit/family.c b/hw/bsp/broadcom_64bit/family.c
index f8f3b0b70..399397bb4 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/broadcom_64bit/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/broadcom_64bit/family.c
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ void TIMER_1_IRQHandler(void) {
   SYSTMR->CS_b.M1 = 1;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/brtmm90x/family.c b/hw/bsp/brtmm90x/family.c
index 15ff4b8ee..ff24cfe89 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/brtmm90x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/brtmm90x/family.c
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ int board_uart_write(void const *buf, int len)
 }
 
 // Get current milliseconds
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
     uint32_t safe_ms;
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/ch32f20x/family.c b/hw/bsp/ch32f20x/family.c
index 7eae62fa4..dd84b7c77 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/ch32f20x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/ch32f20x/family.c
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void)
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/ch32v10x/family.c b/hw/bsp/ch32v10x/family.c
index dfc041462..344dcaf0b 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/ch32v10x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/ch32v10x/family.c
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ static uint32_t SysTick_Config(uint32_t ticks) {
   return 0;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/ch32v20x/family.c b/hw/bsp/ch32v20x/family.c
index 690acee1e..4c22450f9 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/ch32v20x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/ch32v20x/family.c
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ static uint32_t SysTick_Config(uint32_t ticks) {
   return 0;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/ch32v30x/family.c b/hw/bsp/ch32v30x/family.c
index c694f1a08..6295f7723 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/ch32v30x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/ch32v30x/family.c
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ __attribute__((interrupt)) void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/cxd56/family.c b/hw/bsp/cxd56/family.c
index a8e2fd52b..fd92bb9d9 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/cxd56/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/cxd56/family.c
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ int board_uart_write(void const *buf, int len)
 }
 
 // Get current milliseconds
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   struct timespec tp;
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/da1469x/family.c b/hw/bsp/da1469x/family.c
index a64ffce67..a4f7f2e8d 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/da1469x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/da1469x/family.c
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/efm32/family.c b/hw/bsp/efm32/family.c
index 39166bc4d..d318e20d6 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/efm32/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/efm32/family.c
@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void)
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/espressif/boards/family.c b/hw/bsp/espressif/boards/family.c
index a837417f4..2fad7feec 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/espressif/boards/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/espressif/boards/family.c
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ static void max3421_init(void);
 #endif
 
 #if TU_CHECK_MCU(OPT_MCU_ESP32S2, OPT_MCU_ESP32S3, OPT_MCU_ESP32H4, OPT_MCU_ESP32P4)
-static bool usb_init(void);
+static bool usb_init(uint8_t rhport, bool is_host);
 #endif
 
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
@@ -90,8 +90,14 @@ void board_init(void) {
   gpio_set_direction(BUTTON_PIN, GPIO_MODE_INPUT);
   gpio_set_pull_mode(BUTTON_PIN, BUTTON_STATE_ACTIVE ? GPIO_PULLDOWN_ONLY : GPIO_PULLUP_ONLY);
 
-#if TU_CHECK_MCU(OPT_MCU_ESP32S2, OPT_MCU_ESP32S3, OPT_MCU_ESP32P4)
-  usb_init();
+#if CONFIG_USB_OTG_SUPPORTED
+  #if CFG_TUD_ENABLED
+  usb_init(BOARD_TUD_RHPORT, false);
+  #endif
+
+  #if CFG_TUH_ENABLED
+  usb_init(BOARD_TUH_RHPORT, true);
+  #endif
 #endif
 
 #ifdef HIL_TS3USB30_MODE_PIN
@@ -179,24 +185,30 @@ void board_reset_to_bootloader(void) {
 
 static usb_phy_handle_t phy_hdl;
 
-bool usb_init(void) {
+bool usb_init(uint8_t rhport, bool is_host) {
+  (void) rhport;
   // Configure USB PHY
   usb_phy_config_t phy_conf = {
     .controller = USB_PHY_CTRL_OTG,
+#if defined(CONFIG_SOC_USB_UTMI_PHY_NUM) && CONFIG_SOC_USB_UTMI_PHY_NUM > 0
+    .target = USB_PHY_TARGET_UTMI,
+#else
     .target = USB_PHY_TARGET_INT,
+#endif
 
     // maybe we can use USB_OTG_MODE_DEFAULT and switch using dwc2 driver
-#if CFG_TUD_ENABLED
-    .otg_mode = USB_OTG_MODE_DEVICE,
-#elif CFG_TUH_ENABLED
-    .otg_mode = USB_OTG_MODE_HOST,
-#endif
+    .otg_mode = is_host ? USB_OTG_MODE_HOST : USB_OTG_MODE_DEVICE,
     // https://github.com/hathach/tinyusb/issues/2943#issuecomment-2601888322
     // Set speed to undefined (auto-detect) to avoid timinng/racing issue with S3 with host such as macOS
     .otg_speed = USB_PHY_SPEED_UNDEFINED,
   };
 
-  usb_new_phy(&phy_conf, &phy_hdl);
+  esp_err_t const err = usb_new_phy(&phy_conf, &phy_hdl);
+  if (err != ESP_OK) {
+    printf("usb_new_phy failed: %s\r\n", esp_err_to_name(err));
+    phy_hdl = NULL;
+    return false;
+  }
 
   return true;
 }
@@ -351,5 +363,15 @@ bool tuh_max3421_spi_xfer_api(uint8_t rhport, uint8_t const* tx_buf, uint8_t* rx
   ESP_ERROR_CHECK(spi_device_transmit(max3421_spi, &xact));
   return true;
 }
+#endif
+
+// board test example does not use both device and host stack
+#if !CFG_TUD_ENABLED && !CFG_TUH_ENABLED
+TU_ATTR_WEAK uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
+  return osal_time_millis();
+}
 
+TU_ATTR_WEAK void tusb_time_delay_ms_api(uint32_t ms) {
+  osal_task_delay(ms);
+}
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/f1c100s/family.c b/hw/bsp/f1c100s/family.c
index 9e864363f..1e71333d4 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/f1c100s/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/f1c100s/family.c
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ int board_uart_write(void const* buf, int len) {
 #if CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_NONE
 volatile uint32_t system_ticks = 0;
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/fomu/family.c b/hw/bsp/fomu/family.c
index 9d7977bea..cf04a1f6f 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/fomu/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/fomu/family.c
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ int board_uart_write(void const * buf, int len)
 }
 
 #if CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_NONE
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/gd32vf103/family.c b/hw/bsp/gd32vf103/family.c
index 9d15755fc..4c1099317 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/gd32vf103/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/gd32vf103/family.c
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ void eclic_mtip_handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
   SysTick_Reload(TIMER_TICKS);
 }
-uint32_t board_millis(void) { return system_ticks; }
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) { return system_ticks; }
 #endif
 
 #ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
diff --git a/hw/bsp/hpmicro/family.c b/hw/bsp/hpmicro/family.c
index ffec2523a..a80a8d913 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/hpmicro/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/hpmicro/family.c
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ int board_uart_write(void const *buf, int len) {
 
 #if CFG_TUSB_OS == OPT_OS_NONE
 // Get current milliseconds, must be implemented when no RTOS is used
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return (hpm_csr_get_core_cycle() / clock_get_core_clock_ticks_per_ms());
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/imxrt/family.c b/hw/bsp/imxrt/family.c
index d54b41bdb..c1ee34b1a 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/imxrt/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/imxrt/family.c
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/kinetis_k/family.c b/hw/bsp/kinetis_k/family.c
index 98ef52739..1505defe0 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/kinetis_k/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/kinetis_k/family.c
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/kinetis_k32l2/family.c b/hw/bsp/kinetis_k32l2/family.c
index 2062b8b18..ec8dc6ecf 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/kinetis_k32l2/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/kinetis_k32l2/family.c
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/kinetis_kl/family.c b/hw/bsp/kinetis_kl/family.c
index c257f4b2b..f89434d06 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/kinetis_kl/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/kinetis_kl/family.c
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void)
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/lpc11/family.c b/hw/bsp/lpc11/family.c
index c9f18bd2f..76c2bd17c 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/lpc11/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/lpc11/family.c
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/lpc13/family.c b/hw/bsp/lpc13/family.c
index e212c6a63..8513f4df4 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/lpc13/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/lpc13/family.c
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/lpc15/family.c b/hw/bsp/lpc15/family.c
index 5f22df175..0d092d3a9 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/lpc15/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/lpc15/family.c
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler (void)
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/lpc17/family.c b/hw/bsp/lpc17/family.c
index ba59fccca..f398f7e3c 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/lpc17/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/lpc17/family.c
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/lpc18/family.c b/hw/bsp/lpc18/family.c
index 6c02c711f..2043cef99 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/lpc18/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/lpc18/family.c
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/lpc40/family.c b/hw/bsp/lpc40/family.c
index 5ea95e9b8..237cd996b 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/lpc40/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/lpc40/family.c
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/lpc43/family.c b/hw/bsp/lpc43/family.c
index f440fb119..bade53b07 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/lpc43/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/lpc43/family.c
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/lpc51/family.c b/hw/bsp/lpc51/family.c
index bec86f87f..847972350 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/lpc51/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/lpc51/family.c
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/lpc54/family.c b/hw/bsp/lpc54/family.c
index 7bb73afbc..945e27154 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/lpc54/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/lpc54/family.c
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/lpc55/family.c b/hw/bsp/lpc55/family.c
index ad0e502b5..7485ed4d5 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/lpc55/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/lpc55/family.c
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/maxim/family.c b/hw/bsp/maxim/family.c
index 7ad7d6ff9..6ef4c12c1 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/maxim/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/maxim/family.c
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/mcx/family.c b/hw/bsp/mcx/family.c
index 3b91678b1..a3969c217 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/mcx/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/mcx/family.c
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/mm32/family.c b/hw/bsp/mm32/family.c
index 663c30818..330b01f6d 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/mm32/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/mm32/family.c
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/msp430/family.c b/hw/bsp/msp430/family.c
index 390a9915e..413ad7db6 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/msp430/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/msp430/family.c
@@ -102,10 +102,10 @@ static void SystemClock_Config(void)
 
   // VUSB enabled automatically.
   // Wait two milliseconds to stabilize, per manual recommendation.
-  uint32_t ms_elapsed = board_millis();
+  uint32_t ms_elapsed = tusb_time_millis_api();
   do
   {
-    while((board_millis() - ms_elapsed) < 2);
+    while((tusb_time_millis_api() - ms_elapsed) < 2);
   }while(!(USBPWRCTL & USBBGVBV));
 
   // USB uses XT2 (4 MHz) directly. Enable the PLL.
@@ -113,11 +113,11 @@ static void SystemClock_Config(void)
   USBPLLCTL |= (UPFDEN | UPLLEN);
 
   // Wait until PLL locks. Check every 2ms, per manual.
-  ms_elapsed = board_millis();
+  ms_elapsed = tusb_time_millis_api();
   do
   {
     USBPLLIR &= ~USBOOLIFG;
-    while((board_millis() - ms_elapsed) < 2);
+    while((tusb_time_millis_api() - ms_elapsed) < 2);
   }while(USBPLLIR & USBOOLIFG);
 
   USBKEYPID = 0;
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ void TIMER0_A0_ISR (void) {
   // TAxCCR0 CCIFG resets itself as soon as interrupt is invoked.
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   uint32_t systick_mirror;
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/msp432e4/family.c b/hw/bsp/msp432e4/family.c
index 0e1b0528a..90eb945f4 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/msp432e4/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/msp432e4/family.c
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void)
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/nrf/family.c b/hw/bsp/nrf/family.c
index ee3ac61e2..04bfbf320 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/nrf/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/nrf/family.c
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/nuc100_120/family.c b/hw/bsp/nuc100_120/family.c
index 752af2a56..cfe60121c 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/nuc100_120/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/nuc100_120/family.c
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler (void)
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/nuc121_125/family.c b/hw/bsp/nuc121_125/family.c
index 089855207..dce5b4d62 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/nuc121_125/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/nuc121_125/family.c
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler (void)
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/nuc126/family.c b/hw/bsp/nuc126/family.c
index f992fcab4..3343064e5 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/nuc126/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/nuc126/family.c
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler (void)
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/nuc505/family.c b/hw/bsp/nuc505/family.c
index 00ed92310..f1a77e4a5 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/nuc505/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/nuc505/family.c
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler (void)
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/pic32mz/family.c b/hw/bsp/pic32mz/family.c
index da97f67a9..2bfc876e1 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/pic32mz/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/pic32mz/family.c
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ TU_ATTR_WEAK int board_uart_write(void const * buf, int len)
 }
 
 #if CFG_TUSB_OS  == OPT_OS_NONE
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   // COUNTER is system clock (200MHz / 2 = 100MHz) convert to ms)
   return _CP0_GET_COUNT() / (100000000 / 1000);
diff --git a/hw/bsp/ra/family.c b/hw/bsp/ra/family.c
index 1f75b47c1..f371e694b 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/ra/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/ra/family.c
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/rp2040/family.c b/hw/bsp/rp2040/family.c
index a51b3f758..d68b13dd1 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/rp2040/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/rp2040/family.c
@@ -377,3 +377,15 @@ bool tuh_max3421_spi_xfer_api(uint8_t rhport, uint8_t const* tx_buf, uint8_t* rx
 }
 
 #endif
+
+
+// board test example does not use both device and host stack
+#if !CFG_TUD_ENABLED && !CFG_TUH_ENABLED
+TU_ATTR_WEAK uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
+  return osal_time_millis();
+}
+
+TU_ATTR_WEAK void tusb_time_delay_ms_api(uint32_t ms) {
+  osal_task_delay(ms);
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/rw61x/family.c b/hw/bsp/rw61x/family.c
index 265d5fcc0..fcc7fb262 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/rw61x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/rw61x/family.c
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/rx/boards/gr_citrus/gr_citrus.c b/hw/bsp/rx/boards/gr_citrus/gr_citrus.c
index 26ad4a6aa..e5b24bf69 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/rx/boards/gr_citrus/gr_citrus.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/rx/boards/gr_citrus/gr_citrus.c
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ void INT_Excep_CMT0_CMI0(void)
   ++system_ticks;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/rx/boards/rx65n_target/rx65n_target.c b/hw/bsp/rx/boards/rx65n_target/rx65n_target.c
index 66a319541..d5c2de05a 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/rx/boards/rx65n_target/rx65n_target.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/rx/boards/rx65n_target/rx65n_target.c
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ void INT_Excep_CMT0_CMI0(void)
   ++system_ticks;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/samd11/family.c b/hw/bsp/samd11/family.c
index 6cbf02412..bccbac8ea 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/samd11/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/samd11/family.c
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler (void)
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void)
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void)
 {
   return system_ticks;
 }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/samd2x_l2x/family.c b/hw/bsp/samd2x_l2x/family.c
index a2dc8a8d4..737219b6c 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/samd2x_l2x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/samd2x_l2x/family.c
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/samd5x_e5x/family.c b/hw/bsp/samd5x_e5x/family.c
index 5a7105894..c008b9719 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/samd5x_e5x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/samd5x_e5x/family.c
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/same7x/family.c b/hw/bsp/same7x/family.c
index 6feefa3b5..ff6ecf277 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/same7x/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/same7x/family.c
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/samg/family.c b/hw/bsp/samg/family.c
index 5c5fc3c14..b27134305 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/samg/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/samg/family.c
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32c0/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32c0/family.c
index e2ba47f45..e20c0ee15 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32c0/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32c0/family.c
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   HAL_IncTick();
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32f0/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32f0/family.c
index b99b0a8cc..5a35a3e50 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32f0/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32f0/family.c
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32f1/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32f1/family.c
index 3147061cf..fae61ca9e 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32f1/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32f1/family.c
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32f2/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32f2/family.c
index d6a0cb827..f1fd4ddb2 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32f2/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32f2/family.c
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32f3/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32f3/family.c
index 95bcc7882..fde1e9f6d 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32f3/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32f3/family.c
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32f4/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32f4/family.c
index f0e9620f2..665ea114a 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32f4/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32f4/family.c
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32f7/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32f7/family.c
index d8f0da201..ce9049abe 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32f7/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32f7/family.c
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32g0/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32g0/family.c
index 4b175b0ec..b25897264 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32g0/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32g0/family.c
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   HAL_IncTick();
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32g4/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32g4/family.c
index d8afa0f95..2e13a1d4b 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32g4/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32g4/family.c
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32h5/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32h5/family.c
index fdb12e44f..1e8acd502 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32h5/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32h5/family.c
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   HAL_IncTick();
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/board.h b/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/board.h
index 44ca58dc5..d2f61a5ce 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/board.h
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/board.h
@@ -120,13 +120,13 @@ static inline void SystemClock_Config(void) {
   // From H743 eval manual ETM can only work at 50 MHz clock by default because ETM signals
   // are shared with other peripherals. Trace CLK = PLL1R.
   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 5;
-  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 160;
-  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = 2;
-  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
-  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = 6; // Trace clock is 400/6 = 66.67 MHz (larger than 50 MHz but work well)
+  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN      = 160; // May reduce to 100/200 Mhz when tracing to avoid overflowing trace buffer
+  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP      = 2;
+  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ      = 4;
+  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR      = RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN/10;  // Trace clock is limit to 50 Mhz to meet board requirement
+  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLRGE    = RCC_PLL1VCIRANGE_2;
   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLVCOSEL = RCC_PLL1VCOMEDIUM;
   RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLFRACN = 0;
-  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLRGE = RCC_PLL1VCIRANGE_2;
   HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct);
 
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/cubemx/stm32h743eval.ioc b/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/cubemx/stm32h743eval.ioc
index 0e5a4cc00..a2e11012f 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/cubemx/stm32h743eval.ioc
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/cubemx/stm32h743eval.ioc
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ Mcu.PinsNb=169
 Mcu.ThirdPartyNb=0
 Mcu.UserConstants=
 Mcu.UserName=STM32H743XIHx
-MxCube.Version=6.10.0
-MxDb.Version=DB.6.0.100
+MxCube.Version=6.12.1
+MxDb.Version=DB.6.0.121
 NVIC.BusFault_IRQn=true\:0\:0\:false\:false\:true\:true\:false\:false
 NVIC.DebugMonitor_IRQn=true\:0\:0\:false\:false\:true\:true\:false\:false
 NVIC.ForceEnableDMAVector=true
@@ -880,12 +880,12 @@ ProjectManager.CustomerFirmwarePackage=
 ProjectManager.DefaultFWLocation=true
 ProjectManager.DeletePrevious=true
 ProjectManager.DeviceId=STM32H743XIHx
-ProjectManager.FirmwarePackage=STM32Cube FW_H7 V1.11.0
+ProjectManager.FirmwarePackage=STM32Cube FW_H7 V1.11.2
 ProjectManager.FreePins=false
 ProjectManager.HalAssertFull=false
 ProjectManager.HeapSize=0x200
 ProjectManager.KeepUserCode=true
-ProjectManager.LastFirmware=false
+ProjectManager.LastFirmware=true
 ProjectManager.LibraryCopy=2
 ProjectManager.MainLocation=Src
 ProjectManager.NoMain=false
@@ -933,8 +933,8 @@ RCC.DIVQ1Freq_Value=200000000
 RCC.DIVQ2Freq_Value=50390625
 RCC.DIVQ3=7
 RCC.DIVQ3Freq_Value=48000000
-RCC.DIVR1=6
-RCC.DIVR1Freq_Value=133333333.33333333
+RCC.DIVR1=8
+RCC.DIVR1Freq_Value=100000000
 RCC.DIVR2Freq_Value=50390625
 RCC.DIVR3Freq_Value=168000000
 RCC.EnbaleCSS=true
@@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ RCC.SYSCLKFreq_VALUE=400000000
 RCC.SYSCLKSource=RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK
 RCC.Tim1OutputFreq_Value=200000000
 RCC.Tim2OutputFreq_Value=200000000
-RCC.TraceFreq_Value=133333333.33333333
+RCC.TraceFreq_Value=100000000
 RCC.USART16Freq_Value=100000000
 RCC.USART234578Freq_Value=100000000
 RCC.USBCLockSelection=RCC_USBCLKSOURCE_PLL3
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/ozone/stm32h743.jdebug b/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/ozone/stm32h743.jdebug
index 0ab078319..32a8155c1 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/ozone/stm32h743.jdebug
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32h7/boards/stm32h743eval/ozone/stm32h743.jdebug
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@
 **********************************************************************
 */
 void OnProjectLoad (void) {
+   Project.SetTraceSource ("Trace Pins");
+  Project.SetTraceTiming (100, 100, 100, 100);
+  Project.SetSWO (0);
+  Edit.SysVar (VAR_TRACE_CORE_CLOCK, 200000000);
   Project.AddSvdFile ("$(InstallDir)/Config/CPU/Cortex-M7F.svd");
   Project.AddSvdFile ("$(InstallDir)/Config/Peripherals/ARMv7M.svd");
   Project.AddSvdFile ("./STM32H743.svd");
@@ -18,12 +22,8 @@ void OnProjectLoad (void) {
   Project.SetTargetIF ("SWD");
   Project.SetTIFSpeed ("50 MHz");
 
-  Project.SetTraceSource ("Trace Pins");
-  Project.SetTracePortWidth (4);
-  // timing delay for trace pins in pico seconds, default is 2 nano seconds
-  Project.SetTraceTiming (100, 100, 100, 100);
-
   File.Open ("../../../../../../examples/device/cdc_msc/cmake-build-stm32h743eval/cdc_msc.elf");
+  // File.Open ("../../../../../../examples/cmake-build-stm32h743eval_host1/host/cdc_msc_hid/cdc_msc_hid.elf");
 }
 
 /*********************************************************************
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32h7/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32h7/family.c
index a320a7e72..2759dac63 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32h7/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32h7/family.c
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32h7rs/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32h7rs/family.c
index 2cc39b7ac..3bf75ba97 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32h7rs/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32h7rs/family.c
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32l0/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32l0/family.c
index 6aeab1259..192f014f4 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32l0/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32l0/family.c
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32l4/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32l4/family.c
index 65f6b9ab3..c87b643b8 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32l4/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32l4/family.c
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32n6/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32n6/family.c
index c839e6b3e..4354616c3 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32n6/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32n6/family.c
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32u0/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32u0/family.c
index 50b513d8f..0f91d1f30 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32u0/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32u0/family.c
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32u5/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32u5/family.c
index dfcf5c537..55ca25d58 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32u5/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32u5/family.c
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32wb/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32wb/family.c
index 153d10a09..de503c072 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32wb/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32wb/family.c
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/stm32wba/family.c b/hw/bsp/stm32wba/family.c
index d05415755..e058a80a1 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/stm32wba/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/stm32wba/family.c
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) { return system_ticks; }
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) { return system_ticks; }
 #endif
 
 void HardFault_Handler(void) { asm( "bkpt 1" ); }
diff --git a/hw/bsp/tm4c/family.c b/hw/bsp/tm4c/family.c
index ae7f22f00..503d0a8c9 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/tm4c/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/tm4c/family.c
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/hw/bsp/xmc4000/family.c b/hw/bsp/xmc4000/family.c
index 6fef53025..d0acd04cb 100644
--- a/hw/bsp/xmc4000/family.c
+++ b/hw/bsp/xmc4000/family.c
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ void SysTick_Handler(void) {
   system_ticks++;
 }
 
-uint32_t board_millis(void) {
+uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
   return system_ticks;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/common/tusb_private.h b/src/common/tusb_private.h
index 43ce7a1df..5a51dfc37 100644
--- a/src/common/tusb_private.h
+++ b/src/common/tusb_private.h
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
  * This file is part of the TinyUSB stack.
  */
 
-#ifndef TUSB_PRIVATE_H_
-#define TUSB_PRIVATE_H_
+#ifndef TUSB_PRIVATE_H
+#define TUSB_PRIVATE_H
 
 // Internal Helper used by Host and Device Stack
 
@@ -33,9 +33,11 @@
  extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
-// Configuration
-//--------------------------------------------------------------------+
+typedef void (*tusb_defer_func_t)(uintptr_t param);
+
+ //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
+ // Configuration
+ //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
 #define TUP_USBIP_CONTROLLER_NUM 2
 extern tusb_role_t _tusb_rhport_role[TUP_USBIP_CONTROLLER_NUM];
diff --git a/src/host/hcd.h b/src/host/hcd.h
index 36a7f5da5..47d672f9e 100644
--- a/src/host/hcd.h
+++ b/src/host/hcd.h
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ typedef enum {
   HCD_EVENT_XFER_COMPLETE,
 
   USBH_EVENT_FUNC_CALL, // Not an HCD event
-  HCD_EVENT_COUNT
+  HCD_EVENT_INVALID
 } hcd_eventid_t;
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ typedef struct {
     struct {
       uint8_t hub_addr;
       uint8_t hub_port;
-      uint8_t speed;
     } connection;
 
     // XFER_COMPLETE
diff --git a/src/host/usbh.c b/src/host/usbh.c
index 3400eaf74..33d74862f 100644
--- a/src/host/usbh.c
+++ b/src/host/usbh.c
@@ -169,6 +169,12 @@ static OSAL_SPINLOCK_DEF(_usbh_spin, usbh_int_set);
 OSAL_QUEUE_DEF(usbh_int_set, _usbh_qdef, CFG_TUH_TASK_QUEUE_SZ, hcd_event_t);
 static osal_queue_t _usbh_q;
 
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+// Deferred attachment queue, only needed when using hub
+OSAL_QUEUE_DEF(usbh_int_set, _usbh_daqdef, CFG_TUH_HUB, hcd_event_t);
+static osal_queue_t _usbh_daq;
+  #endif
+
 // Control transfers: since most controllers do not support multiple control transfers
 // on multiple devices concurrently and control transfers are not used much except for
 // enumeration, we will only execute control transfers one at a time.
@@ -184,11 +190,18 @@ typedef struct {
 } usbh_ctrl_xfer_info_t;
 
 typedef struct {
+  tusb_defer_func_t func;
+  uintptr_t         arg;
+  uint32_t          at_ms;
+} usbh_call_after_t;
+
+typedef struct {
   uint8_t controller_id;      // controller ID
   uint8_t enumerating_daddr;  // device address of the device being enumerated
   uint8_t attach_debouncing_bm;  // bitmask for roothub port attach debouncing
   tuh_bus_info_t dev0_bus;    // bus info for dev0 in enumeration
   usbh_ctrl_xfer_info_t ctrl_xfer_info; // control transfer
+  usbh_call_after_t call_after;
 } usbh_data_t;
 
 static usbh_data_t _usbh_data = {
@@ -311,7 +324,8 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline usbh_class_driver_t const *get_driver(uint8_
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 // Function Inline and Prototypes
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
-static bool enum_new_device(hcd_event_t* event);
+static void enum_new_device(hcd_event_t* event);
+static void enum_delay_async(uintptr_t state);
 static void process_remove_event(hcd_event_t *event);
 static void remove_device_tree(uint8_t rhport, uint8_t hub_addr, uint8_t hub_port);
 static bool usbh_edpt_control_open(uint8_t dev_addr, uint8_t max_packet_size);
@@ -349,6 +363,15 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline bool usbh_setup_send(uint8_t daddr, const ui
   return ret;
 }
 
+bool usbh_defer_func_ms_async(uint32_t ms, tusb_defer_func_t func, uintptr_t param) {
+  TU_ASSERT(_usbh_data.call_after.func == NULL);
+  TU_LOG_USBH("USBH schedule function after %u ms\r\n", (unsigned int)ms);
+  _usbh_data.call_after.func  = func;
+  _usbh_data.call_after.arg   = param;
+  _usbh_data.call_after.at_ms = tusb_time_millis_api() + ms;
+  return true;
+}
+
 TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline void usbh_device_close(uint8_t rhport, uint8_t daddr) {
   hcd_device_close(rhport, daddr);
 
@@ -360,6 +383,10 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline void usbh_device_close(uint8_t rhport, uint8
   // invalidate if enumerating
   if (daddr == _usbh_data.enumerating_daddr) {
     _usbh_data.enumerating_daddr = TUSB_INDEX_INVALID_8;
+    // clear enum delay function of the device being removed
+    if (_usbh_data.call_after.func == enum_delay_async) {
+      _usbh_data.call_after.func = NULL;
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -493,11 +520,17 @@ bool tuh_rhport_init(uint8_t rhport, const tusb_rhport_init_t* rh_init) {
     _usbh_q = osal_queue_create(&_usbh_qdef);
     TU_ASSERT(_usbh_q != NULL);
 
-#if OSAL_MUTEX_REQUIRED
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+    // Deferred attachment queue
+    _usbh_daq = osal_queue_create(&_usbh_daqdef);
+    TU_ASSERT(_usbh_daq != NULL);
+  #endif
+
+  #if OSAL_MUTEX_REQUIRED
     // Init mutex
     _usbh_mutex = osal_mutex_create(&_usbh_mutexdef);
     TU_ASSERT(_usbh_mutex);
-#endif
+  #endif
 
     // Get application driver if available
     _app_driver = usbh_app_driver_get_cb(&_app_driver_count);
@@ -558,11 +591,16 @@ bool tuh_deinit(uint8_t rhport) {
     osal_queue_delete(_usbh_q);
     _usbh_q = NULL;
 
-    #if OSAL_MUTEX_REQUIRED
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+    osal_queue_delete(_usbh_daq);
+    _usbh_daq = NULL;
+  #endif
+
+  #if OSAL_MUTEX_REQUIRED
     // TODO make sure there is no task waiting on this mutex
     osal_mutex_delete(_usbh_mutex);
     _usbh_mutex = NULL;
-    #endif
+  #endif
   }
 
   return true;
@@ -570,9 +608,19 @@ bool tuh_deinit(uint8_t rhport) {
 
 bool tuh_task_event_ready(void) {
   if (!tuh_inited()) {
-    return false; // Skip if stack is not initialized
+    return false; // Skip if tusb stack is not initialized
   }
-  return !osal_queue_empty(_usbh_q);
+  if (!osal_queue_empty(_usbh_q)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+  if (!osal_queue_empty(_usbh_daq)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  #endif
+
+  return false;
 }
 
 /* USB Host Driver task
@@ -592,51 +640,87 @@ bool tuh_task_event_ready(void) {
     @endcode
  */
 void tuh_task_ext(uint32_t timeout_ms, bool in_isr) {
-  (void) in_isr; // not implemented yet
-
   // Skip if stack is not initialized
   if (!tuh_inited()) {
     return;
   }
 
+  (void) in_isr; // not implemented yet
+
   // Loop until there are no more events in the queue or CFG_TUH_TASK_EVENTS_PER_RUN is reached
   for (unsigned epr = 0;; epr++) {
-#if CFG_TUH_TASK_EVENTS_PER_RUN > 0
+  #if CFG_TUH_TASK_EVENTS_PER_RUN > 0
     if (epr >= CFG_TUH_TASK_EVENTS_PER_RUN) {
       TU_LOG_USBH("USBH event limit (" TU_XSTRING(CFG_TUH_TASK_EVENTS_PER_RUN) ") reached\r\n");
       break;
     }
-#endif
+  #endif
+
+    // Process call_after_ms function if ms is reached
+    tusb_defer_func_t after_cb = _usbh_data.call_after.func;
+    if (after_cb) {
+      int32_t remain_ms = (int32_t)(_usbh_data.call_after.at_ms - tusb_time_millis_api());
+      if (remain_ms <= 0) {
+        // delay expired, run callback now
+        TU_LOG_USBH("USBH invoke scheduled function\r\n");
+        _usbh_data.call_after.func = NULL;
+        after_cb(_usbh_data.call_after.arg);
+      }
+
+      // above after_cb() can re-schedule another function, we need to re-check and reduce timeout of
+      // the main event timeout to make sure we aren't blocking more than call_after remaining ms.
+      if (_usbh_data.call_after.func != NULL) {
+        remain_ms = (int32_t) (_usbh_data.call_after.at_ms - tusb_time_millis_api());
+        if (remain_ms <= 0) {
+          timeout_ms = 0; // expired already
+        } else if (timeout_ms > (uint32_t)remain_ms) {
+          timeout_ms = (uint32_t)remain_ms;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     hcd_event_t event;
-    if (!osal_queue_receive(_usbh_q, &event, timeout_ms)) { return; }
+
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+    // Get deferred device attachments if none is enumerating
+    bool has_deferred_attach = false;
+    if (_usbh_data.enumerating_daddr == TUSB_INDEX_INVALID_8) {
+      // zero wait to avoid blocking the main event queue
+      has_deferred_attach = osal_queue_receive(_usbh_daq, &event, 0);
+    }
+
+    if (!has_deferred_attach) // skip event queue to process deferred attach
+  #endif
+    {
+      if (!osal_queue_receive(_usbh_q, &event, timeout_ms)) {
+        return;
+      }
+    }
 
     switch (event.event_id) {
       case HCD_EVENT_DEVICE_ATTACH:
         // Should we miss the hub detach event due to high traffic, Or due to physical debouncing, some devices can
-        // cause multiple attaches (actually reset) without detach event.
+        // cause multiple attaches (actually reset) without a detached event.
         // Force remove currently mounted with the same bus info (rhport, hub addr, hub port) if exists
         process_remove_event(&event);
 
         // due to the shared control buffer, we must fully complete enumerating one device first.
-        // TODO better to have an separated queue for newly attached devices
         if (_usbh_data.enumerating_daddr == TUSB_INDEX_INVALID_8) {
           // New device attached and we are ready
           TU_LOG_USBH("[%u:] USBH Device Attach\r\n", event.rhport);
           _usbh_data.enumerating_daddr = 0; // enumerate new device with address 0
           enum_new_device(&event);
-        } else {
-          // currently enumerating another device
+        }
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+        else {
           TU_LOG_USBH("[%u:] USBH Defer Attach until current enumeration complete\r\n", event.rhport);
-          const bool is_empty = osal_queue_empty(_usbh_q);
-          queue_event(&event, in_isr);
-          if (is_empty) {
-            return; // Exit if this is the only event in the queue, otherwise we loop forever
-          }
+          TU_ASSERT(osal_queue_send(_usbh_daq, &event, in_isr), );
         }
+  #endif
         break;
 
       case HCD_EVENT_DEVICE_REMOVE:
-        TU_LOG_USBH("[%u:%u:%u] USBH DEVICE REMOVED\r\n", event.rhport, event.connection.hub_addr, event.connection.hub_port);
+        TU_LOG_USBH("[%u:%u:%u] USBH Device Removed\r\n", event.rhport, event.connection.hub_addr, event.connection.hub_port);
         process_remove_event(&event);
         break;
 
@@ -709,10 +793,8 @@ void tuh_task_ext(uint32_t timeout_ms, bool in_isr) {
         break;
     }
 
-#if CFG_TUSB_OS != OPT_OS_NONE && CFG_TUSB_OS != OPT_OS_PICO
-    // return if there is no more events, for application to run other background
-    if (osal_queue_empty(_usbh_q)) return;
-#endif
+    // allow to exit tuh_task() if there is no event in the next run
+    timeout_ms = 0;
   }
 }
 
@@ -770,10 +852,8 @@ bool tuh_control_xfer (tuh_xfer_t* xfer) {
 
     while (result == XFER_RESULT_INVALID) {
       // Note: this can be called within an callback ie. part of tuh_task()
-      // therefore event with RTOS tuh_task() still need to be invoked
-      if (tuh_task_event_ready()) {
-        tuh_task();
-      }
+      // therefore even with RTOS tuh_task_ext() still need to be invoked
+      tuh_task_ext(0, false);
       // TODO probably some timeout to prevent hanged
     }
 
@@ -1423,10 +1503,10 @@ enum {                                      // USB 2.0 specs 7.1.7 for timing
 enum {
   ENUM_IDLE,
   ENUM_HUB_RERSET,
-  ENUM_HUB_GET_STATUS_AFTER_RESET,
+  ENUM_HUB_RESET_COMPLETE,
   ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET,
+  ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET_RETRY, // 2nd attempt waiting for hub reset
   ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET_COMPLETE,
-
   ENUM_ADDR0_DEVICE_DESC,
   ENUM_SET_ADDR,
   ENUM_GET_DEVICE_DESC,
@@ -1445,104 +1525,139 @@ enum {
 };
 
 static uint8_t enum_get_new_address(bool is_hub);
-static bool enum_parse_configuration_desc (uint8_t dev_addr, tusb_desc_configuration_t const* desc_cfg);
-static void enum_full_complete(bool success);
-static void process_enumeration(tuh_xfer_t* xfer);
+static bool    enum_parse_configuration_desc(uint8_t dev_addr, const tusb_desc_configuration_t *desc_cfg);
+static void    enum_full_complete(bool success);
+static void    process_enumeration(tuh_xfer_t *xfer);
 
-// start a new enumeration process
-static bool enum_new_device(hcd_event_t* event) {
-  tuh_bus_info_t* dev0_bus = &_usbh_data.dev0_bus;
-  dev0_bus->rhport = event->rhport;
-  dev0_bus->hub_addr = event->connection.hub_addr;
-  dev0_bus->hub_port = event->connection.hub_port;
+enum {
+  ENUM_AFTER_DEBOUNCING_DELAY,
+  ENUM_AFTER_RESET_ROOT_DELAY,
+  ENUM_AFTER_RESET_ROOT_POST_DELAY,
+  ENUM_AFTER_RESET_HUB_DELAY,
+  ENUM_AFTER_RESET_HUB_DELAY_RETRY,
+  ENUM_AFTER_RESET_RECOVERY_DELAY,
+  ENUM_AFTER_SET_ADDRESS_RECOVERY_DELAY,
+};
 
-  // wait until device connection is stable TODO non blocking
-  tusb_time_delay_ms_api(ENUM_DEBOUNCING_DELAY_MS);
+// process async delay in enumeration
+static void enum_delay_async(uintptr_t state) {
+  tuh_bus_info_t *dev0_bus = &_usbh_data.dev0_bus;
+  switch (state) {
+    case ENUM_AFTER_DEBOUNCING_DELAY:
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+      if (dev0_bus->hub_addr != 0) {
+        // connected via hub
+        TU_VERIFY(dev0_bus->hub_port != 0, );
+        TU_ASSERT(hub_port_get_status(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, NULL, process_enumeration,
+                                      ENUM_HUB_RERSET), );
+      } else
+  #endif
+      {
+        // connected directly to roothub
+        _usbh_data.attach_debouncing_bm &= (uint8_t)~TU_BIT(dev0_bus->rhport); // clear roothub debouncing delay
+        if (!hcd_port_connect_status(dev0_bus->rhport)) {
+          TU_LOG_USBH("Device unplugged while debouncing\r\n");
+          enum_full_complete(false);
+          return;
+        }
+        hcd_port_reset(dev0_bus->rhport); // reset port
+        usbh_defer_func_ms_async(ENUM_RESET_ROOT_DELAY_MS, enum_delay_async, ENUM_AFTER_RESET_ROOT_DELAY);
+      }
+      break;
 
-  if (dev0_bus->hub_addr == 0) {
-    // connected directly to roothub
-    // USB bus not active and frame number is not available yet.
-    // need to depend on tusb_time_millis_api() TODO non blocking
+    case ENUM_AFTER_RESET_ROOT_DELAY:
+      hcd_port_reset_end(dev0_bus->rhport);
+      usbh_defer_func_ms_async(ENUM_RESET_ROOT_POST_DELAY_MS, enum_delay_async, ENUM_AFTER_RESET_ROOT_POST_DELAY);
+      break;
 
-    _usbh_data.attach_debouncing_bm &= (uint8_t) ~TU_BIT(dev0_bus->rhport); // clear roothub debouncing delay
+    case ENUM_AFTER_RESET_ROOT_POST_DELAY:
+      if (!hcd_port_connect_status(dev0_bus->rhport)) {
+        // device unplugged while delaying
+        enum_full_complete(false);
+        return;
+      }
 
-    if (!hcd_port_connect_status(dev0_bus->rhport)) {
-      TU_LOG_USBH("Device unplugged while debouncing\r\n");
-      enum_full_complete(false);
-      return true;
-    }
+      dev0_bus->speed = hcd_port_speed_get(dev0_bus->rhport);
+      TU_LOG_USBH("%s Speed\r\n", tu_str_speed[dev0_bus->speed]);
 
-    // reset device
-    hcd_port_reset(dev0_bus->rhport);
-    tusb_time_delay_ms_api(ENUM_RESET_ROOT_DELAY_MS);
-    hcd_port_reset_end(dev0_bus->rhport);
-    tusb_time_delay_ms_api(ENUM_RESET_ROOT_POST_DELAY_MS);
+      // fake transfer to kick-off the enumeration process
+      tuh_xfer_t xfer;
+      xfer.daddr     = 0;
+      xfer.result    = XFER_RESULT_SUCCESS;
+      xfer.user_data = ENUM_ADDR0_DEVICE_DESC;
+      process_enumeration(&xfer);
+      break;
 
-    if (!hcd_port_connect_status(dev0_bus->rhport)) {
-      // device unplugged while delaying
-      enum_full_complete(false);
-      return true;
-    }
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+    case ENUM_AFTER_RESET_HUB_DELAY:
+    case ENUM_AFTER_RESET_HUB_DELAY_RETRY:
+      // get status after reset complete to check for reset change
+      TU_ASSERT(hub_port_get_status(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, NULL, process_enumeration,
+                                    state == ENUM_AFTER_RESET_HUB_DELAY ? ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET
+                                                                        : ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET_RETRY), );
+      break;
+  #endif
 
-    dev0_bus->speed = hcd_port_speed_get(dev0_bus->rhport);
-    TU_LOG_USBH("%s Speed\r\n", tu_str_speed[dev0_bus->speed]);
+    case ENUM_AFTER_RESET_RECOVERY_DELAY:
+      // TODO probably doesn't need to open/close each enumeration
+      if (!usbh_edpt_control_open(0, 8)) {
+        TU_LOG_USBH("Failed to open dev0's control endpoint\r\n");
+        enum_full_complete(false); // Stop enumeration gracefully
+        return;
+      }
+      // Get first 8 bytes of device descriptor for control endpoint size
+      TU_LOG_USBH("Get 8 byte of Device Descriptor\r\n");
+      TU_ASSERT(tuh_descriptor_get_device(0, _usbh_epbuf.ctrl, 8, process_enumeration, ENUM_SET_ADDR), );
+      break;
 
-    // fake transfer to kick-off the enumeration process
-    tuh_xfer_t xfer;
-    xfer.daddr = 0;
-    xfer.result = XFER_RESULT_SUCCESS;
-    xfer.user_data = ENUM_ADDR0_DEVICE_DESC;
-    process_enumeration(&xfer);
-  }
-  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
-  else {
-    // connected via hub
-    TU_VERIFY(dev0_bus->hub_port != 0);
-    TU_ASSERT(hub_port_get_status(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, NULL,
-                                  process_enumeration, ENUM_HUB_RERSET));
+    case ENUM_AFTER_SET_ADDRESS_RECOVERY_DELAY: {
+      const uint8_t  new_addr = _usbh_data.enumerating_daddr;
+      usbh_device_t *new_dev  = get_device(new_addr);
+      TU_ASSERT(new_dev, );
+      if (!usbh_edpt_control_open(new_addr, new_dev->bMaxPacketSize0)) {
+        TU_LOG_USBH("Failed to open new device's control endpoint\r\n");
+        clear_device(new_dev);
+        enum_full_complete(false);
+        return;
+      }
+      TU_LOG_USBH("Get Device Descriptor\r\n");
+      TU_ASSERT(tuh_descriptor_get_device(new_addr, _usbh_epbuf.ctrl, sizeof(tusb_desc_device_t), process_enumeration,
+                                          ENUM_GET_STRING_LANGUAGE_ID_LEN), );
+      break;
+    }
+
+    default:
+      break;
   }
-  #endif // hub
+}
 
-  return true;
+// start a new enumeration process
+static void enum_new_device(hcd_event_t *event) {
+  tuh_bus_info_t *dev0_bus = &_usbh_data.dev0_bus;
+  dev0_bus->rhport         = event->rhport;
+  dev0_bus->hub_addr       = event->connection.hub_addr;
+  dev0_bus->hub_port       = event->connection.hub_port;
+  usbh_defer_func_ms_async(ENUM_DEBOUNCING_DELAY_MS, enum_delay_async, ENUM_AFTER_DEBOUNCING_DELAY);
 }
 
 // process device enumeration
-static void process_enumeration(tuh_xfer_t* xfer) {
-  // Retry a few times while enumerating since device can be unstable when starting up
-  static uint8_t failed_count = 0;
+static void process_enumeration(tuh_xfer_t *xfer) {
   if (XFER_RESULT_FAILED == xfer->result) {
-    enum {
-      ATTEMPT_COUNT_MAX = 3,
-      ATTEMPT_DELAY_MS = 100
-    };
-
-    // retry if not reaching max attempt
-    failed_count++;
-    bool retry = (_usbh_data.enumerating_daddr != TUSB_INDEX_INVALID_8) && (failed_count < ATTEMPT_COUNT_MAX);
-    if (retry) {
-      tusb_time_delay_ms_api(ATTEMPT_DELAY_MS); // delay a bit
-      TU_LOG_USBH("Enumeration attempt %u/%u\r\n", failed_count+1, ATTEMPT_COUNT_MAX);
-      retry = tuh_control_xfer(xfer);
-    }
-
-    if (!retry) {
-      enum_full_complete(false); // complete as failed
-    }
+    enum_full_complete(false); // failed to enum
     return;
   }
-  failed_count = 0;
 
-  uint8_t const daddr = xfer->daddr;
-  uintptr_t const state = xfer->user_data;
-  usbh_device_t* dev = get_device(daddr);
-  tuh_bus_info_t* dev0_bus = &_usbh_data.dev0_bus;
+  const uint8_t   daddr    = xfer->daddr;
+  const uintptr_t state    = xfer->user_data;
+  usbh_device_t  *dev      = get_device(daddr);
+  tuh_bus_info_t *dev0_bus = &_usbh_data.dev0_bus;
   if (daddr > 0) {
     TU_ASSERT(dev != NULL,);
   }
   uint16_t langid = 0x0409; // default is English
 
   switch (state) {
-    #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
     case ENUM_HUB_RERSET: {
       hub_port_status_response_t port_status;
       hub_port_get_status_local(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, &port_status);
@@ -1553,30 +1668,31 @@ static void process_enumeration(tuh_xfer_t* xfer) {
         return;
       }
 
-      TU_ASSERT(hub_port_reset(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, process_enumeration, ENUM_HUB_GET_STATUS_AFTER_RESET),);
+      TU_ASSERT(hub_port_reset(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, process_enumeration, ENUM_HUB_RESET_COMPLETE), );
       break;
     }
 
-    case ENUM_HUB_GET_STATUS_AFTER_RESET: {
-      tusb_time_delay_ms_api(ENUM_RESET_HUB_DELAY_MS); // wait for reset to take effect
-
-      // get status to check for reset change
-      TU_ASSERT(hub_port_get_status(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, NULL, process_enumeration, ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET),);
+    case ENUM_HUB_RESET_COMPLETE:
+      // wait for reset to take effect
+      usbh_defer_func_ms_async(ENUM_RESET_HUB_DELAY_MS, enum_delay_async, ENUM_AFTER_RESET_HUB_DELAY);
       break;
-    }
 
-    case ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET: {
+    case ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET:
+    case ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET_RETRY: {
       hub_port_status_response_t port_status;
       hub_port_get_status_local(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, &port_status);
 
       if (1 == port_status.change.reset) {
         // Acknowledge Port Reset Change
-        TU_ASSERT(hub_port_clear_reset_change(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, process_enumeration, ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET_COMPLETE),);
+        TU_ASSERT(hub_port_clear_reset_change(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, process_enumeration,
+                                              ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET_COMPLETE), );
+      } else if (state == ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET) {
+        // retry one more time if reset change not set yet
+        usbh_defer_func_ms_async(ENUM_RESET_HUB_DELAY_MS, enum_delay_async, ENUM_AFTER_RESET_HUB_DELAY_RETRY);
       } else {
-        // maybe retry if reset change not set but we need timeout to prevent infinite loop
-        // TU_ASSERT(hub_port_get_status(dev0_bus->hub_addr, dev0_bus->hub_port, NULL, process_enumeration, ENUM_HUB_CLEAR_RESET_COMPLETE),);
+        // retry but still not set --> failed
+        enum_full_complete(false);
       }
-
       break;
     }
 
@@ -1590,30 +1706,17 @@ static void process_enumeration(tuh_xfer_t* xfer) {
         return;
       }
 
-      dev0_bus->speed = (port_status.status.high_speed) ? TUSB_SPEED_HIGH :
-                        (port_status.status.low_speed) ? TUSB_SPEED_LOW : TUSB_SPEED_FULL;
+      dev0_bus->speed = (port_status.status.high_speed)  ? TUSB_SPEED_HIGH
+                        : (port_status.status.low_speed) ? TUSB_SPEED_LOW
+                                                         : TUSB_SPEED_FULL;
 
       TU_ATTR_FALLTHROUGH;
     }
-    #endif
-
-    case ENUM_ADDR0_DEVICE_DESC: {
-      tusb_time_delay_ms_api(ENUM_RESET_RECOVERY_DELAY_MS); // reset recovery
-
-      // TODO probably doesn't need to open/close each enumeration
-      uint8_t const addr0 = 0;
-      if (!usbh_edpt_control_open(addr0, 8)) {
-        // Stop enumeration gracefully
-        enum_full_complete(false);
-        TU_ASSERT(false,);
-      }
+  #endif
 
-      // Get first 8 bytes of device descriptor for control endpoint size
-      TU_LOG_USBH("Get 8 byte of Device Descriptor\r\n");
-      TU_ASSERT(tuh_descriptor_get_device(addr0, _usbh_epbuf.ctrl, 8,
-                                          process_enumeration, ENUM_SET_ADDR),);
+    case ENUM_ADDR0_DEVICE_DESC:
+      usbh_defer_func_ms_async(ENUM_RESET_RECOVERY_DELAY_MS, enum_delay_async, ENUM_AFTER_RESET_RECOVERY_DELAY);
       break;
-    }
 
     case ENUM_SET_ADDR: {
       const tusb_desc_device_t *desc_device = (const tusb_desc_device_t *) _usbh_epbuf.ctrl;
@@ -1625,31 +1728,19 @@ static void process_enumeration(tuh_xfer_t* xfer) {
       new_dev->connected = 1;
       new_dev->bMaxPacketSize0 = desc_device->bMaxPacketSize0;
 
-      TU_ASSERT(tuh_address_set(0, new_addr, process_enumeration, ENUM_GET_DEVICE_DESC),);
+      TU_ASSERT(tuh_address_set(0, new_addr, process_enumeration, ENUM_GET_DEVICE_DESC), );
       break;
     }
 
     case ENUM_GET_DEVICE_DESC: {
-      tusb_time_delay_ms_api(ENUM_SET_ADDRESS_RECOVERY_DELAY_MS); // set address recovery
-
-      const uint8_t new_addr = (uint8_t) tu_le16toh(xfer->setup->wValue);
-      usbh_device_t* new_dev = get_device(new_addr);
-      TU_ASSERT(new_dev,);
-      new_dev->addressed = 1;
+      const uint8_t  new_addr = (uint8_t)tu_le16toh(xfer->setup->wValue);
+      usbh_device_t *new_dev  = get_device(new_addr);
+      TU_ASSERT(new_dev, );
+      new_dev->addressed           = 1;
       _usbh_data.enumerating_daddr = new_addr;
 
       usbh_device_close(dev0_bus->rhport, 0); // close dev0
-
-      if (!usbh_edpt_control_open(new_addr, new_dev->bMaxPacketSize0)) { // open new control endpoint
-        // Stop enumeration gracefully
-        clear_device(new_dev);
-        enum_full_complete(false);
-        TU_ASSERT(false,);
-      }
-
-      TU_LOG_USBH("Get Device Descriptor\r\n");
-      TU_ASSERT(tuh_descriptor_get_device(new_addr, _usbh_epbuf.ctrl, sizeof(tusb_desc_device_t),
-                                          process_enumeration, ENUM_GET_STRING_LANGUAGE_ID_LEN),);
+      usbh_defer_func_ms_async(ENUM_SET_ADDRESS_RECOVERY_DELAY_MS, enum_delay_async, ENUM_AFTER_SET_ADDRESS_RECOVERY_DELAY);
       break;
     }
 
@@ -1799,11 +1890,12 @@ static void process_enumeration(tuh_xfer_t* xfer) {
       TU_LOG_USBH("Device configured\r\n");
       dev->configured = 1;
 
-    #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
+      // get next hub status now since device can be unplugged before set_configure() is complete
       if (_usbh_data.dev0_bus.hub_addr != 0) {
-        hub_edpt_status_xfer(_usbh_data.dev0_bus.hub_addr); // get next hub status
+        hub_edpt_status_xfer(_usbh_data.dev0_bus.hub_addr);
       }
-    #endif
+  #endif
 
       // Parse configuration & set up drivers
       // driver_open() must not make any usb transfer
@@ -1858,10 +1950,10 @@ static bool enum_parse_configuration_desc(uint8_t dev_addr, tusb_desc_configurat
 
   TU_LOG_USBH("Parsing Configuration descriptor (wTotalLength = %u)\r\n", total_len);
 
-  // parse each interfaces
+  // parse all interfaces
   while (tu_desc_in_bounds(p_desc, desc_end)) {
     if (0 == tu_desc_len(p_desc)) {
-      // A zero length descriptor indicates that the device is off spec (e.g. wrong wTotalLength).
+      // A zero-length descriptor indicates that the device is off spec (e.g. wrong wTotalLength).
       // Parsed interfaces should still be usable
       TU_LOG_USBH("Encountered a zero-length descriptor after %" PRIu32 " bytes\r\n", (uint32_t)p_desc - (uint32_t)desc_cfg);
       break;
@@ -1877,7 +1969,7 @@ static bool enum_parse_configuration_desc(uint8_t dev_addr, tusb_desc_configurat
     // uint16_t const drv_len = tu_desc_get_interface_total_len(desc_itf, assoc_itf_count, (uint16_t)
     // (desc_end-p_desc)); TU_ASSERT(drv_len >= sizeof(tusb_desc_interface_t));
 
-    // Find driver for this interface
+    // Find a driver for this interface
     const uint16_t remaining_len = (uint16_t)(desc_end - p_desc);
     uint8_t        drv_id;
     for (drv_id = 0; drv_id < TOTAL_DRIVER_COUNT; drv_id++) {
@@ -1925,7 +2017,7 @@ void usbh_driver_set_config_complete(uint8_t dev_addr, uint8_t itf_num) {
     }
   }
 
-  // all interface are configured
+  // all interfaces are configured
   if (itf_num == CFG_TUH_INTERFACE_MAX) {
     enum_full_complete(true);
 
@@ -1940,16 +2032,17 @@ void usbh_driver_set_config_complete(uint8_t dev_addr, uint8_t itf_num) {
 
 static void enum_full_complete(bool success) {
   (void)success;
-  // mark enumeration as complete
-  _usbh_data.enumerating_daddr = TUSB_INDEX_INVALID_8;
+  TU_LOG_USBH("Enumeration complete: success = %u\r\n", success);
 
-#if CFG_TUH_HUB
+  _usbh_data.enumerating_daddr = TUSB_INDEX_INVALID_8; // mark enumeration as complete
+  _usbh_data.call_after.func = NULL;
+
+  #if CFG_TUH_HUB
   // Hub status is already requested in case of successful enumeration
-  if (_usbh_data.dev0_bus.hub_addr != 0 && !success) {
-    hub_edpt_status_xfer(_usbh_data.dev0_bus.hub_addr); // get next hub status
+  if (!success && _usbh_data.dev0_bus.hub_addr != 0) {
+    hub_edpt_status_xfer(_usbh_data.dev0_bus.hub_addr);
   }
-#endif
-
+  #endif
 }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/host/usbh_pvt.h b/src/host/usbh_pvt.h
index 57428e3c5..adb6a8c44 100644
--- a/src/host/usbh_pvt.h
+++ b/src/host/usbh_pvt.h
@@ -68,8 +68,12 @@ uint8_t* usbh_get_enum_buf(void);
 
 void usbh_int_set(bool enabled);
 
+// Invoke this function later in tuh_task() by putting it into task queue
 void usbh_defer_func(osal_task_func_t func, void *param, bool in_isr);
 
+// Schedules a function to be called after certain time asynchronously
+bool usbh_defer_func_ms_async(uint32_t ms, tusb_defer_func_t func, uintptr_t param);
+
 void usbh_spin_lock(bool in_isr);
 void usbh_spin_unlock(bool in_isr);
 
diff --git a/src/osal/osal.h b/src/osal/osal.h
index 44521620f..c0292a008 100644
--- a/src/osal/osal.h
+++ b/src/osal/osal.h
@@ -74,6 +74,8 @@ typedef void (*osal_task_func_t)(void* param);
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------
   OSAL Porting API
   Should be implemented as static inline function in osal_port.h header
+   uint32_t osal_time_millis(void);
+
    void osal_spin_init(osal_spinlock_t *ctx);
    void osal_spin_lock(osal_spinlock_t *ctx, bool in_isr)
    void osal_spin_unlock(osal_spinlock_t *ctx, bool in_isr);
diff --git a/src/osal/osal_freertos.h b/src/osal/osal_freertos.h
index 9aeda4d01..32ee2d55c 100644
--- a/src/osal/osal_freertos.h
+++ b/src/osal/osal_freertos.h
@@ -99,6 +99,10 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline void osal_task_delay(uint32_t msec) {
   vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(msec));
 }
 
+TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline uint32_t osal_time_millis(void) {
+  return pdTICKS_TO_MS(xTaskGetTickCount());
+}
+
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 // Spinlock API
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
diff --git a/src/osal/osal_mynewt.h b/src/osal/osal_mynewt.h
index 6d51f8ec3..94124ca81 100644
--- a/src/osal/osal_mynewt.h
+++ b/src/osal/osal_mynewt.h
@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline void osal_task_delay(uint32_t msec) {
   os_time_delay( os_time_ms_to_ticks32(msec) );
 }
 
+TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline uint32_t osal_time_millis(void) {
+  return os_time_ticks_to_ms32(os_time_get());
+}
+
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 // Spinlock API
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
diff --git a/src/osal/osal_none.h b/src/osal/osal_none.h
index 6ab18ace8..7bf6029d6 100644
--- a/src/osal/osal_none.h
+++ b/src/osal/osal_none.h
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
+// osal_time_millis() is not provided, tusb_time_millis_api() must be implemented by user application
+
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 // Spinlock API
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
@@ -184,7 +186,7 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline bool osal_queue_receive(osal_queue_t qhdl, v
   (void) msec; // not used, always behave as msec = 0
 
   qhdl->interrupt_set(false);
-  const bool success = tu_fifo_read_n(&qhdl->ff, data, qhdl->item_size);
+  const bool success = (tu_fifo_read_n(&qhdl->ff, data, qhdl->item_size) > 0);
   qhdl->interrupt_set(true);
 
   return success;
@@ -195,7 +197,7 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline bool osal_queue_send(osal_queue_t qhdl, void
     qhdl->interrupt_set(false);
   }
 
-  const bool success = tu_fifo_write_n(&qhdl->ff, data, qhdl->item_size);
+  const bool success = (tu_fifo_write_n(&qhdl->ff, data, qhdl->item_size) > 0);
 
   if (!in_isr) {
     qhdl->interrupt_set(true);
diff --git a/src/osal/osal_pico.h b/src/osal/osal_pico.h
index 79b728e9a..6a0a21bb3 100644
--- a/src/osal/osal_pico.h
+++ b/src/osal/osal_pico.h
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline void osal_task_delay(uint32_t msec) {
   sleep_ms(msec);
 }
 
+TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline uint32_t osal_time_millis(void) {
+  return to_ms_since_boot(get_absolute_time());
+}
+
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 // Spinlock API
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
diff --git a/src/osal/osal_rtthread.h b/src/osal/osal_rtthread.h
index a778f5425..f560281c5 100644
--- a/src/osal/osal_rtthread.h
+++ b/src/osal/osal_rtthread.h
@@ -42,6 +42,10 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline void osal_task_delay(uint32_t msec) {
   rt_thread_mdelay(msec);
 }
 
+TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline uint32_t osal_time_millis(void) {
+  return (uint32_t)((((uint64_t)rt_tick_get()) * 1000) / RT_TICK_PER_SECOND);
+}
+
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 // Spinlock API
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
diff --git a/src/osal/osal_rtx4.h b/src/osal/osal_rtx4.h
index 35860ddd5..e1930c96c 100644
--- a/src/osal/osal_rtx4.h
+++ b/src/osal/osal_rtx4.h
@@ -46,6 +46,10 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline void osal_task_delay(uint32_t msec) {
   os_dly_wait(lo);
 }
 
+TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline uint32_t osal_time_millis(void) {
+  return os_time_get();
+}
+
 TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline uint16_t msec2wait(uint32_t msec) {
   if (msec == OSAL_TIMEOUT_WAIT_FOREVER) {
     return 0xFFFF;
diff --git a/src/osal/osal_zephyr.h b/src/osal/osal_zephyr.h
index 91f225f79..900ac786c 100644
--- a/src/osal/osal_zephyr.h
+++ b/src/osal/osal_zephyr.h
@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline void osal_task_delay(uint32_t msec) {
   k_msleep(msec);
 }
 
+TU_ATTR_ALWAYS_INLINE static inline uint32_t osal_time_millis(void) {
+  return k_uptime_get_32();
+}
+
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 // Spinlock API
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
diff --git a/src/portable/sunxi/dcd_sunxi_musb.c b/src/portable/sunxi/dcd_sunxi_musb.c
index b413121a5..9fac0bc1c 100644
--- a/src/portable/sunxi/dcd_sunxi_musb.c
+++ b/src/portable/sunxi/dcd_sunxi_musb.c
@@ -36,9 +36,6 @@
 #include <device/dcd.h>
 #include "musb_def.h"
 
-//#include "bsp/board_api.h"
-extern uint32_t board_millis(void); // TODO remove
-
 typedef uint32_t u32;
 typedef uint16_t u16;
 typedef uint8_t u8;
diff --git a/src/tusb.c b/src/tusb.c
index a857e5adf..5241fcf3d 100644
--- a/src/tusb.c
+++ b/src/tusb.c
@@ -51,17 +51,26 @@ tusb_role_t _tusb_rhport_role[TUP_USBIP_CONTROLLER_NUM] = { TUSB_ROLE_INVALID };
 // Weak/Default API, can be overwritten by Application
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-TU_ATTR_WEAK void tusb_time_delay_ms_api(uint32_t ms) {
 #if CFG_TUSB_OS != OPT_OS_NONE
+TU_ATTR_WEAK uint32_t tusb_time_millis_api(void) {
+  return osal_time_millis();
+}
+
+TU_ATTR_WEAK void tusb_time_delay_ms_api(uint32_t ms) {
   osal_task_delay(ms);
+}
+
 #else
-  // delay using millis() (if implemented) and/or frame number if possible
+// tusb_time_millis_api() must be implemented by user application.
+
+TU_ATTR_WEAK void tusb_time_delay_ms_api(uint32_t ms) {
+  // delay using millis()
   const uint32_t time_ms = tusb_time_millis_api();
   while ((tusb_time_millis_api() - time_ms) < ms) {}
-#endif
 }
+#endif
 
-TU_ATTR_WEAK void* tusb_app_virt_to_phys(void *virt_addr) {
+TU_ATTR_WEAK void *tusb_app_virt_to_phys(void *virt_addr) {
   return virt_addr;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/tusb.h b/src/tusb.h
index 62b3b9783..3876bf863 100644
--- a/src/tusb.h
+++ b/src/tusb.h
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
 
 
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
-// User API
+// Application API
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 #if CFG_TUH_ENABLED || CFG_TUD_ENABLED
 
diff --git a/src/tusb_option.h b/src/tusb_option.h
index d87c2dc8b..44ba8879a 100644
--- a/src/tusb_option.h
+++ b/src/tusb_option.h
@@ -469,7 +469,6 @@
   #define TUP_MCU_STRICT_ALIGN   0
 #endif
 
-
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
 // Common Options (Default)
 //--------------------------------------------------------------------+
@@ -514,6 +513,10 @@
   #define CFG_TUSB_OS           OPT_OS_NONE
 #endif
 
+#ifndef CFG_TUSB_OS_HAS_SCHEDULER
+  #define CFG_TUSB_OS_HAS_SCHEDULER (CFG_TUSB_OS != OPT_OS_NONE && CFG_TUSB_OS != OPT_OS_PICO)
+#endif
+
 #ifndef CFG_TUSB_OS_INC_PATH
   #ifndef CFG_TUSB_OS_INC_PATH_DEFAULT
   #define CFG_TUSB_OS_INC_PATH_DEFAULT
diff --git a/test/hil/hil_test.py b/test/hil/hil_test.py
index b84740867..757456806 100755
--- a/test/hil/hil_test.py
+++ b/test/hil/hil_test.py
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ def flash_esptool(board, firmware):
         idf_target = json.load(f)['IDF_TARGET']
     with open(f'{fw_dir}/flash_args') as f:
         flash_args = f.read().strip().replace('\n', ' ')
-    command = (f'esptool.py --chip {idf_target} -p {port} {flasher["args"]} '
+    command = (f'esptool --chip {idf_target} -p {port} {flasher["args"]} '
                f'--before=default_reset --after=hard_reset write_flash {flash_args}')
     ret = run_cmd(command, cwd=fw_dir)
     return ret
diff --git a/test/hil/tinyusb.json b/test/hil/tinyusb.json
index 7cb561b2d..4d7276c8f 100644
--- a/test/hil/tinyusb.json
+++ b/test/hil/tinyusb.json
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
             "flasher": {
                 "name": "esptool",
                 "uid": "4ea4f48f6bc3ee11bbb9d00f9e1b1c54",
-                "args": "-b 1500000"
+                "args": "-b 1500000 --force",
+                "comment": "use --force for ESP32-P4 v0.1"
             },
             "comment": "Use TS3USB30 mux to test both device and host"
         },