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Diffstat (limited to 'examples/device/midi2_device/src/main.c')
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1 files changed, 720 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/examples/device/midi2_device/src/main.c b/examples/device/midi2_device/src/main.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..62741ac41 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/device/midi2_device/src/main.c @@ -0,0 +1,720 @@ +/* + * The MIT License (MIT) + * + * Copyright (c) 2026 Saulo Verissimo + * + * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy + * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal + * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights + * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell + * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is + * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: + * + * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in + * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. + * + * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR + * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, + * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE + * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER + * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, + * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN + * THE SOFTWARE. + */ + +#include <stdio.h> +#include <string.h> +#include "bsp/board_api.h" +#include "tusb.h" +#include "class/midi/midi2_device.h" + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// MIDI 2.0 UMP Message Type Constants (M2-104-UM, Section 4) +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Message Type (MT) occupies bits 31-28 of Word 0 +#define UMP_MT_UTILITY 0x00000000 // 32-bit: Utility (NOOP, JR Clock, JR Timestamp) +#define UMP_MT_SYSTEM 0x10000000 // 32-bit: System Common / Real Time +#define UMP_MT_MIDI1_CV 0x20000000 // 32-bit: MIDI 1.0 Channel Voice +#define UMP_MT_DATA64 0x30000000 // 64-bit: Data (SysEx 7-bit) +#define UMP_MT_MIDI2_CV 0x40000000 // 64-bit: MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice +#define UMP_MT_DATA128 0x50000000 // 128-bit: Data (SysEx 8-bit) + +// MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice status (bits 23-20 of Word 0) +#define UMP_STATUS_NOTE_OFF 0x00800000 +#define UMP_STATUS_NOTE_ON 0x00900000 +#define UMP_STATUS_POLY_PRESSURE 0x00A00000 +#define UMP_STATUS_CC 0x00B00000 +#define UMP_STATUS_PROGRAM 0x00C00000 +#define UMP_STATUS_CHAN_PRESSURE 0x00D00000 +#define UMP_STATUS_PITCH_BEND 0x00E00000 +#define UMP_STATUS_PN_MGMT 0x00F00000 // Per-Note Management + +// Note Attribute Types (MIDI 2.0 spec, Section 4.2.6) +#define UMP_ATTR_NONE 0x00 +#define UMP_ATTR_MANUFACTURER 0x01 +#define UMP_ATTR_PROFILE 0x02 +#define UMP_ATTR_PITCH_7_9 0x03 // Pitch 7.9 format + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// MIDI 2.0 UMP Builders - Full Spec Coverage +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ + +// Helper: send a 64-bit UMP (2 words) +static inline void ump_send_64(uint32_t w0, uint32_t w1) { + uint32_t words[2] = { w0, w1 }; + tud_midi2_ump_write(words, 2); +} + +// Helper: send a 32-bit UMP (1 word) +static inline void ump_send_32(uint32_t w0) { + tud_midi2_ump_write(&w0, 1); +} + +// -- Utility Messages (MT=0x0, 32-bit) -- + +static inline void ump_jr_timestamp(uint16_t timestamp) { + // Word 0: [MT(0x0) | Group(0) | Status(0x0020) | Timestamp(16-bit)] + ump_send_32(UMP_MT_UTILITY | 0x00200000 | (uint32_t)timestamp); +} + +// -- MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice: Note On (MT=0x4, 64-bit) -- +// Word 0: [MT(4):Group(4):Status(4):Channel(4):NoteNumber(8):AttrType(8)] +// Word 1: [Velocity(16):Attribute(16)] +static inline void ump_note_on(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t pitch, uint16_t velocity, + uint8_t attr_type, uint16_t attr_val) { + uint32_t w0 = UMP_MT_MIDI2_CV | ((uint32_t)(group & 0x0F) << 24) + | UMP_STATUS_NOTE_ON | ((uint32_t)(channel & 0x0F) << 16) + | ((uint32_t)(pitch & 0x7F) << 8) + | (uint32_t)(attr_type & 0xFF); + uint32_t w1 = ((uint32_t)(velocity & 0xFFFF) << 16) + | (uint32_t)(attr_val & 0xFFFF); + ump_send_64(w0, w1); +} + +// -- MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice: Note Off (MT=0x4, 64-bit) -- +static inline void ump_note_off(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t pitch, uint16_t velocity, + uint8_t attr_type, uint16_t attr_val) { + uint32_t w0 = UMP_MT_MIDI2_CV | ((uint32_t)(group & 0x0F) << 24) + | UMP_STATUS_NOTE_OFF | ((uint32_t)(channel & 0x0F) << 16) + | ((uint32_t)(pitch & 0x7F) << 8) + | (uint32_t)(attr_type & 0xFF); + uint32_t w1 = ((uint32_t)(velocity & 0xFFFF) << 16) + | (uint32_t)(attr_val & 0xFFFF); + ump_send_64(w0, w1); +} + +// -- MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice: Control Change (MT=0x4, 64-bit) -- +// Word 0: [MT(4):Group(4):Status(0xB):Channel(4):Index(8):Reserved(8)] +// Word 1: [Data(32)] -- full 32-bit CC resolution (vs 7-bit MIDI 1.0) +static inline void ump_cc(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t index, uint32_t value) { + uint32_t w0 = UMP_MT_MIDI2_CV | ((uint32_t)(group & 0x0F) << 24) + | UMP_STATUS_CC | ((uint32_t)(channel & 0x0F) << 16) + | ((uint32_t)(index & 0x7F) << 8); + ump_send_64(w0, value); +} + +// -- MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice: Program Change (MT=0x4, 64-bit) -- +// Word 0: [MT(4):Group(4):Status(0xC):Channel(4):Reserved(8):OptionFlags(8)] +// Word 1: [Program(8):Reserved(8):BankMSB(8):BankLSB(8)] +// OptionFlags bit 0 = Bank Valid +static inline void ump_program_change(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t program, + bool bank_valid, uint8_t bank_msb, + uint8_t bank_lsb) { + uint8_t flags = bank_valid ? 0x01 : 0x00; + uint32_t w0 = UMP_MT_MIDI2_CV | ((uint32_t)(group & 0x0F) << 24) + | UMP_STATUS_PROGRAM | ((uint32_t)(channel & 0x0F) << 16) + | (uint32_t)flags; + uint32_t w1 = ((uint32_t)program << 24) + | ((uint32_t)bank_msb << 8) + | (uint32_t)bank_lsb; + ump_send_64(w0, w1); +} + +// -- MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice: Pitch Bend (MT=0x4, 64-bit) -- +// Word 0: [MT(4):Group(4):Status(0xE):Channel(4):Reserved(16)] +// Word 1: [PitchBend(32)] -- full 32-bit (vs 14-bit MIDI 1.0!) +// 0x80000000 = center, 0x00000000 = min, 0xFFFFFFFF = max +static inline void ump_pitch_bend(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint32_t value) { + uint32_t w0 = UMP_MT_MIDI2_CV | ((uint32_t)(group & 0x0F) << 24) + | UMP_STATUS_PITCH_BEND | ((uint32_t)(channel & 0x0F) << 16); + ump_send_64(w0, value); +} + +// -- MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice: Channel Pressure / Aftertouch (MT=0x4, 64-bit) -- +// Word 0: [MT(4):Group(4):Status(0xD):Channel(4):Reserved(16)] +// Word 1: [Pressure(32)] -- full 32-bit (vs 7-bit MIDI 1.0) +static inline void ump_channel_pressure(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint32_t pressure) { + uint32_t w0 = UMP_MT_MIDI2_CV | ((uint32_t)(group & 0x0F) << 24) + | UMP_STATUS_CHAN_PRESSURE | ((uint32_t)(channel & 0x0F) << 16); + ump_send_64(w0, pressure); +} + +// -- MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice: Poly Pressure / Per-Note Aftertouch -- +// Word 0: [MT(4):Group(4):Status(0xA):Channel(4):NoteNumber(8):Reserved(8)] +// Word 1: [Pressure(32)] +static inline void ump_poly_pressure(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t pitch, uint32_t pressure) { + uint32_t w0 = UMP_MT_MIDI2_CV | ((uint32_t)(group & 0x0F) << 24) + | UMP_STATUS_POLY_PRESSURE | ((uint32_t)(channel & 0x0F) << 16) + | ((uint32_t)(pitch & 0x7F) << 8); + ump_send_64(w0, pressure); +} + +// -- MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice: Per-Note Management (MT=0x4, 64-bit) -- +// Exclusive to MIDI 2.0: controls per-note behavior +// Word 0: [MT(4):Group(4):Status(0xF):Channel(4):NoteNumber(8):Flags(8)] +// Word 1: Reserved +// Flags bit 1 = Reset (S), bit 0 = Detach (D) +static inline void ump_per_note_mgmt(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t pitch, bool detach, + bool reset) { + uint8_t flags = (reset ? 0x02 : 0x00) | (detach ? 0x01 : 0x00); + uint32_t w0 = UMP_MT_MIDI2_CV | ((uint32_t)(group & 0x0F) << 24) + | UMP_STATUS_PN_MGMT | ((uint32_t)(channel & 0x0F) << 16) + | ((uint32_t)(pitch & 0x7F) << 8) + | (uint32_t)flags; + ump_send_64(w0, 0x00000000); +} + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// MIDI 1.0 Channel Voice Builders (UMP MT 0x2, 32-bit) +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Used on Alt 1 when negotiated protocol is MIDI 1.0. +// Word layout: [MT(0x2) | Group(4b) | Status(8b) | Data1(8b) | Data2(8b)] +// Status nibbles: 0x8=NoteOff, 0x9=NoteOn, 0xA=PolyPress, 0xB=CC, +// 0xC=ProgChg, 0xD=ChanPress, 0xE=PitchBend. + +static inline void ump_midi1_send(uint8_t group, uint8_t status, + uint8_t data1, uint8_t data2) { + uint32_t w = UMP_MT_MIDI1_CV + | ((uint32_t)(group & 0x0F) << 24) + | ((uint32_t)status << 16) + | ((uint32_t)data1 << 8) + | (uint32_t)data2; + ump_send_32(w); +} + +static inline void ump_midi1_note_on(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t note, uint8_t vel7) { + ump_midi1_send(group, 0x90 | (channel & 0x0F), note & 0x7F, vel7 & 0x7F); +} + +static inline void ump_midi1_note_off(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t note, uint8_t vel7) { + ump_midi1_send(group, 0x80 | (channel & 0x0F), note & 0x7F, vel7 & 0x7F); +} + +static inline void ump_midi1_cc(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t cc, uint8_t val7) { + ump_midi1_send(group, 0xB0 | (channel & 0x0F), cc & 0x7F, val7 & 0x7F); +} + +static inline void ump_midi1_program(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t program) { + ump_midi1_send(group, 0xC0 | (channel & 0x0F), program & 0x7F, 0); +} + +static inline void ump_midi1_pitch_bend(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint16_t value14) { + // 14-bit pitch bend: LSB first, then MSB. Center = 0x2000. + ump_midi1_send(group, 0xE0 | (channel & 0x0F), + (uint8_t)(value14 & 0x7F), + (uint8_t)((value14 >> 7) & 0x7F)); +} + +static inline void ump_midi1_channel_pressure(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t val7) { + ump_midi1_send(group, 0xD0 | (channel & 0x0F), val7 & 0x7F, 0); +} + +static inline void ump_midi1_poly_pressure(uint8_t group, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t note, uint8_t val7) { + ump_midi1_send(group, 0xA0 | (channel & 0x0F), note & 0x7F, val7 & 0x7F); +} + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// USB-MIDI 1.0 32-bit Event Packet Builders (Alt 0 transport) +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Used on Alt 0 (USB-MIDI 1.0). Each packet is 4 raw bytes: +// [(Cable << 4) | CIN] [Status] [Data1] [Data2] +// CIN = Code Index Number. See USB-MIDI 1.0 spec Section 4. + +static inline void midi1_pkt_send(uint8_t cable, uint8_t cin, + uint8_t status, uint8_t data1, + uint8_t data2) { + uint8_t packet[4] = { + (uint8_t)(((cable & 0x0F) << 4) | (cin & 0x0F)), + status, data1, data2 + }; + (void) tud_midi2_packet_write(packet, 1); +} + +static inline void midi1_pkt_note_on(uint8_t cable, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t note, uint8_t vel7) { + midi1_pkt_send(cable, 0x9, 0x90 | (channel & 0x0F), + note & 0x7F, vel7 & 0x7F); +} + +static inline void midi1_pkt_note_off(uint8_t cable, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t note, uint8_t vel7) { + midi1_pkt_send(cable, 0x8, 0x80 | (channel & 0x0F), + note & 0x7F, vel7 & 0x7F); +} + +static inline void midi1_pkt_cc(uint8_t cable, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t cc, uint8_t val7) { + midi1_pkt_send(cable, 0xB, 0xB0 | (channel & 0x0F), + cc & 0x7F, val7 & 0x7F); +} + +static inline void midi1_pkt_program(uint8_t cable, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t program) { + midi1_pkt_send(cable, 0xC, 0xC0 | (channel & 0x0F), + program & 0x7F, 0); +} + +static inline void midi1_pkt_pitch_bend(uint8_t cable, uint8_t channel, + uint16_t value14) { + midi1_pkt_send(cable, 0xE, 0xE0 | (channel & 0x0F), + (uint8_t)(value14 & 0x7F), + (uint8_t)((value14 >> 7) & 0x7F)); +} + +static inline void midi1_pkt_channel_pressure(uint8_t cable, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t val7) { + midi1_pkt_send(cable, 0xD, 0xD0 | (channel & 0x0F), val7 & 0x7F, 0); +} + +static inline void midi1_pkt_poly_pressure(uint8_t cable, uint8_t channel, + uint8_t note, uint8_t val7) { + midi1_pkt_send(cable, 0xA, 0xA0 | (channel & 0x0F), + note & 0x7F, val7 & 0x7F); +} + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Scaling Helpers (MIDI 2.0 ↔ MIDI 1.0) +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ + +static inline uint8_t scale_vel16_to_vel7(uint16_t v16) { return (uint8_t)(v16 >> 9); } +static inline uint8_t scale_val32_to_val7(uint32_t v32) { return (uint8_t)(v32 >> 25); } +static inline uint16_t scale_pb32_to_pb14(uint32_t pb32) { return (uint16_t)(pb32 >> 18); } + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Dispatch Layer - Transport + Protocol Fallback +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Follows the same idea as the UAC examples (`tud_descriptor_configuration_cb` +// returning UAC1 or UAC2 based on bus speed): pick the path that matches the +// state the host put us in. Here the decision is made per message because +// MIDI 2.0 advertises both alts in a single config descriptor; the host +// selects via SetInterface and UMP Stream protocol negotiation. + +static void send_note_on(uint8_t grp, uint8_t ch, uint8_t note, uint16_t vel16) { + uint8_t alt = tud_midi2_alt_setting(); + if (alt == 0) { + midi1_pkt_note_on(grp, ch, note, scale_vel16_to_vel7(vel16)); + } else if (tud_midi2_protocol() == MIDI_PROTOCOL_MIDI1) { + ump_midi1_note_on(grp, ch, note, scale_vel16_to_vel7(vel16)); + } else { + ump_note_on(grp, ch, note, vel16, UMP_ATTR_NONE, 0); + } +} + +static void send_note_off(uint8_t grp, uint8_t ch, uint8_t note, uint16_t vel16) { + uint8_t alt = tud_midi2_alt_setting(); + if (alt == 0) { + midi1_pkt_note_off(grp, ch, note, scale_vel16_to_vel7(vel16)); + } else if (tud_midi2_protocol() == MIDI_PROTOCOL_MIDI1) { + ump_midi1_note_off(grp, ch, note, scale_vel16_to_vel7(vel16)); + } else { + ump_note_off(grp, ch, note, vel16, UMP_ATTR_NONE, 0); + } +} + +static void send_cc(uint8_t grp, uint8_t ch, uint8_t cc, uint32_t val32) { + uint8_t alt = tud_midi2_alt_setting(); + if (alt == 0) { + midi1_pkt_cc(grp, ch, cc, scale_val32_to_val7(val32)); + } else if (tud_midi2_protocol() == MIDI_PROTOCOL_MIDI1) { + ump_midi1_cc(grp, ch, cc, scale_val32_to_val7(val32)); + } else { + ump_cc(grp, ch, cc, val32); + } +} + +static void send_program_change(uint8_t grp, uint8_t ch, uint8_t program, + bool with_bank, uint8_t bank_msb, + uint8_t bank_lsb) { + uint8_t alt = tud_midi2_alt_setting(); + if (alt == 0) { + if (with_bank) { + midi1_pkt_cc(grp, ch, 0x00, bank_msb); + midi1_pkt_cc(grp, ch, 0x20, bank_lsb); + } + midi1_pkt_program(grp, ch, program); + } else if (tud_midi2_protocol() == MIDI_PROTOCOL_MIDI1) { + if (with_bank) { + ump_midi1_cc(grp, ch, 0x00, bank_msb); + ump_midi1_cc(grp, ch, 0x20, bank_lsb); + } + ump_midi1_program(grp, ch, program); + } else { + ump_program_change(grp, ch, program, with_bank, bank_msb, bank_lsb); + } +} + +static void send_pitch_bend(uint8_t grp, uint8_t ch, uint32_t pb32) { + uint8_t alt = tud_midi2_alt_setting(); + if (alt == 0) { + midi1_pkt_pitch_bend(grp, ch, scale_pb32_to_pb14(pb32)); + } else if (tud_midi2_protocol() == MIDI_PROTOCOL_MIDI1) { + ump_midi1_pitch_bend(grp, ch, scale_pb32_to_pb14(pb32)); + } else { + ump_pitch_bend(grp, ch, pb32); + } +} + +static void send_channel_pressure(uint8_t grp, uint8_t ch, uint32_t val32) { + uint8_t alt = tud_midi2_alt_setting(); + if (alt == 0) { + midi1_pkt_channel_pressure(grp, ch, scale_val32_to_val7(val32)); + } else if (tud_midi2_protocol() == MIDI_PROTOCOL_MIDI1) { + ump_midi1_channel_pressure(grp, ch, scale_val32_to_val7(val32)); + } else { + ump_channel_pressure(grp, ch, val32); + } +} + +static void send_poly_pressure(uint8_t grp, uint8_t ch, uint8_t note, + uint32_t val32) { + uint8_t alt = tud_midi2_alt_setting(); + if (alt == 0) { + midi1_pkt_poly_pressure(grp, ch, note, scale_val32_to_val7(val32)); + } else if (tud_midi2_protocol() == MIDI_PROTOCOL_MIDI1) { + ump_midi1_poly_pressure(grp, ch, note, scale_val32_to_val7(val32)); + } else { + ump_poly_pressure(grp, ch, note, val32); + } +} + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Song Data +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ + +// Extended note event with MIDI 2.0 expression data +typedef struct { + uint8_t pitch; // MIDI pitch (0-127, 0=rest) + uint16_t duration_ms; // Duration in ms + uint16_t velocity; // 16-bit velocity (MIDI 2.0) + uint32_t pressure; // 32-bit aftertouch (0 = none) + int16_t bend_cents; // Pitch bend in cents (0 = none, for vibrato/ornaments) +} midi2_note_t; + +// 16-bit velocity (MIDI 2.0): values that have NO 7-bit equivalent. +// MIDI 1.0 can only express 128 levels (0x0000, 0x0200, 0x0400 ... 0xFE00). +// These use the full 16-bit range to prove genuine MIDI 2.0 resolution. +#define V_PPP 0x0A3D // 2621 - between MIDI1 vel 5 and 6 +#define V_PP 0x1C71 // 7281 - between MIDI1 vel 14 and 15 +#define V_P 0x3219 // 12825 - between MIDI1 vel 24 and 25 +#define V_MP 0x4F5C // 20316 - between MIDI1 vel 39 and 40 +#define V_MF 0x6E93 // 28307 - between MIDI1 vel 55 and 56 +#define V_F 0x8DA5 // 36261 - between MIDI1 vel 70 and 71 +#define V_FF 0xAC37 // 44087 - between MIDI1 vel 85 and 86 +#define V_FFF 0xDEB8 // 57016 - between MIDI1 vel 111 and 112 + +// Twinkle Twinkle Little Star - Traditional +// Tempo: 120 BPM (500ms per quarter note) +// Key: C major, 4/4 +// Demonstrates all MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice features: +// 16-bit velocity, 32-bit CC, 32-bit pitch bend, +// 32-bit channel pressure, per-note poly pressure, +// per-note management, program change with bank select, +// JR timestamps +static const midi2_note_t song_data[] = { + // Phrase 1: "Twin-kle twin-kle lit-tle star" (C C G G A A G-) + // Crescendo pp -> mp, gentle entry + { .pitch = 60, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_PP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // C4 + { .pitch = 60, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_P, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // C4 + { .pitch = 67, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // G4 + { .pitch = 67, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // G4 + { .pitch = 69, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0x1A3D7E5F, .bend_cents = 0 }, // A4 (32-bit pressure) + { .pitch = 69, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0x2B851EB9, .bend_cents = 0 }, // A4 (pressure swell) + { .pitch = 67, .duration_ms = 1000,.velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0x3C6EF373, .bend_cents = 7 }, // G4 (half, bend 7 cents) + + // Phrase 2: "How I won-der what you are" (F F E E D D C-) + // mf, sustained + { .pitch = 65, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // F4 + { .pitch = 65, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // F4 + { .pitch = 64, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0x1E4C2B7A, .bend_cents = 0 }, // E4 + { .pitch = 64, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0x2D5A8FC1, .bend_cents = 0 }, // E4 (aftertouch swell) + { .pitch = 62, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // D4 + { .pitch = 62, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // D4 + { .pitch = 60, .duration_ms = 1000,.velocity = V_MP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // C4 (half, resolve) + + // Phrase 3: "Up a-bove the world so high" (G G F F E E D-) + // f, building intensity + { .pitch = 67, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_F, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // G4 + { .pitch = 67, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_F, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // G4 + { .pitch = 65, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_F, .pressure = 0x2F8A4E13, .bend_cents = 0 }, // F4 + { .pitch = 65, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0x41B2C9D7, .bend_cents = 0 }, // F4 (triggers poly pressure) + { .pitch = 64, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // E4 + { .pitch = 64, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // E4 + { .pitch = 62, .duration_ms = 1000,.velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0x537DC2A6, .bend_cents = 13 }, // D4 (half, vibrato 13 cents) + + // Phrase 4: "Like a dia-mond in the sky" (G G F F E E D-) + // ff, expressive peak + { .pitch = 67, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_FF, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // G4 + { .pitch = 67, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_FF, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // G4 + { .pitch = 65, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_F, .pressure = 0x44E7B8D2, .bend_cents = 0 }, // F4 (triggers poly pressure) + { .pitch = 65, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_F, .pressure = 0x56A3F14B, .bend_cents = 0 }, // F4 (triggers poly pressure) + { .pitch = 64, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0x2C8E1F5A, .bend_cents = 0 }, // E4 + { .pitch = 64, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0x1D73A4E8, .bend_cents = 0 }, // E4 + { .pitch = 62, .duration_ms = 1000,.velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0x63F5B17D, .bend_cents = 19 }, // D4 (half, vibrato 19 cents) + + // Phrase 5: "Twin-kle twin-kle lit-tle star" (C C G G A A G-) + // Diminuendo mf -> mp + { .pitch = 60, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // C4 + { .pitch = 60, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MF, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // C4 + { .pitch = 67, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // G4 + { .pitch = 67, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // G4 + { .pitch = 69, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MP, .pressure = 0x1B4F6D83, .bend_cents = 0 }, // A4 + { .pitch = 69, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_P, .pressure = 0x0E29C5A1, .bend_cents = 0 }, // A4 + { .pitch = 67, .duration_ms = 1000,.velocity = V_P, .pressure = 0x2A6D3B9E, .bend_cents = 5 }, // G4 (half, gentle bend 5 cents) + + // Phrase 6: "How I won-der what you are" (F F E E D D C-) + // Dying away mp -> ppp + { .pitch = 65, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_MP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // F4 + { .pitch = 65, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_P, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // F4 + { .pitch = 64, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_P, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // E4 + { .pitch = 64, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_PP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // E4 + { .pitch = 62, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_PP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // D4 + { .pitch = 62, .duration_ms = 500, .velocity = V_PPP, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, // D4 + { .pitch = 60, .duration_ms = 2000,.velocity = V_PPP, .pressure = 0x07A1E3C9, .bend_cents = 0 }, // C4 (fermata) + + // Silence before loop + { .pitch = 0, .duration_ms = 1000,.velocity = 0, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, + + // End marker + { .pitch = 0, .duration_ms = 0, .velocity = 0, .pressure = 0, .bend_cents = 0 }, +}; + +#define SONG_LENGTH (sizeof(song_data) / sizeof(midi2_note_t)) + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Song Playback State Machine +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ + +typedef struct { + uint32_t current_note_idx; + uint32_t note_start_ms; + uint8_t active_pitch; + bool note_is_active; + bool setup_sent; // Initial setup (Program Change, CC) sent? + uint32_t loop_count; +} song_state_t; + +static song_state_t song = { 0 }; + +// Forward declarations +void update_song_playback(uint32_t now_ms); +void send_initial_setup(void); + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// MIDI 2.0 Device Callbacks (override weak stubs from middleware) +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ + +void tud_midi2_rx_cb(uint8_t itf) { + // Drain the RX FIFO in a loop until empty. Leaving words in the FIFO + // across callbacks can prevent subsequent bulk OUT transfers from landing. + uint32_t words[8]; + uint32_t n; + while ((n = tud_midi2_n_ump_read(itf, words, TU_ARRAY_SIZE(words))) > 0) { + (void) n; + } +} + +// Reset playback state and re-send setup when host switches alt setting or +// renegotiates the UMP Stream protocol. +void tud_midi2_set_itf_cb(uint8_t itf, uint8_t alt) { + (void)itf; + song.setup_sent = false; + printf("[ALT] Host selected alt=%u\r\n", (unsigned)alt); +} + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Initial Setup - Program Change, CC, Per-Note Management +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ + +void send_initial_setup(void) { + // JR Timestamp is UMP-only (Utility MT 0x0); skipped on Alt 0 transport. + if (tud_midi2_alt_setting() == 1) ump_jr_timestamp(0x0001); + + send_program_change(0, 0, 0, true, 0, 0); + send_cc(0, 0, 7, 0xCCCCCCCC); // Volume 80% + send_cc(0, 0, 11, 0xFFFFFFFF); // Expression 100% + send_cc(0, 0, 64, 0x00000000); // Sustain off + send_cc(0, 0, 1, 0x20000000); // Modulation + send_cc(0, 0, 10, 0x80000000); // Pan center + + // Per-Note Management is MIDI 2.0 exclusive (MT 0x4 status 0xF). + // Skipped when the active path falls back to MIDI 1.0 in any form. + if (tud_midi2_alt_setting() == 1 && + tud_midi2_protocol() == MIDI_PROTOCOL_MIDI2) { + ump_per_note_mgmt(0, 0, 0, false, true); + } + + send_pitch_bend(0, 0, 0x80000000); // Center + send_channel_pressure(0, 0, 0x00000000); + + printf("[SETUP] Piano | Vol 80%% | alt=%u proto=%u\r\n", + (unsigned)tud_midi2_alt_setting(), + (unsigned)tud_midi2_protocol()); +} + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Pitch Bend Conversion: cents to 32-bit value +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ + +// Convert pitch bend in cents (-200 to +200) to 32-bit UMP value +// Center = 0x80000000, range = +/- 2 semitones (200 cents) +static inline uint32_t cents_to_pitch_bend(int16_t cents) { + if (cents == 0) return 0x80000000; + // Scale: 200 cents = full range (0x7FFFFFFF deviation from center) + int32_t offset = (int32_t)(((int64_t)cents * 0x7FFFFFFF) / 200); + return (uint32_t)((int32_t)0x80000000 + offset); +} + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Song Playback Logic - Full MIDI 2.0 Expression +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ + +void update_song_playback(uint32_t now_ms) { + const midi2_note_t *current = &song_data[song.current_note_idx]; + + if (!song.setup_sent) { + send_initial_setup(); + song.setup_sent = true; + song.note_start_ms = now_ms; + } + + // Note duration elapsed: send Note Off, advance + if (song.note_is_active && (now_ms - song.note_start_ms) >= current->duration_ms) { + if (song.active_pitch > 0) { + if (current->bend_cents != 0) send_pitch_bend(0, 0, 0x80000000); + if (current->pressure > 0) send_channel_pressure(0, 0, 0x00000000); + send_note_off(0, 0, song.active_pitch, V_P); + } + + song.note_is_active = false; + song.current_note_idx++; + + if (song.current_note_idx >= SONG_LENGTH) { + song.current_note_idx = 0; + song.setup_sent = false; + song.loop_count++; + printf("\r\n=== Loop %lu ===\r\n", (unsigned long)song.loop_count); + } + + song.note_start_ms = now_ms; + } + + // Start next note + if (!song.note_is_active && song.current_note_idx < SONG_LENGTH) { + const midi2_note_t *next = &song_data[song.current_note_idx]; + + if (next->duration_ms == 0) { + song.current_note_idx = 0; + song.setup_sent = false; + song.loop_count++; + printf("\r\n=== Loop %lu ===\r\n", (unsigned long)song.loop_count); + return; + } + + if (next->pitch > 0) { + // JR Timestamp is UMP-only; skip on Alt 0 transport. + if (tud_midi2_alt_setting() == 1) { + ump_jr_timestamp((uint16_t)(now_ms & 0xFFFF)); + } + if (next->bend_cents != 0) { + send_pitch_bend(0, 0, cents_to_pitch_bend(next->bend_cents)); + } + send_note_on(0, 0, next->pitch, next->velocity); + if (next->pressure > 0) { + send_channel_pressure(0, 0, next->pressure); + } + if (next->pressure > 0x40000000 && next->duration_ms > 500) { + send_poly_pressure(0, 0, next->pitch, next->pressure); + } + + song.active_pitch = next->pitch; + song.note_is_active = true; + } + + // Rest: honor duration + if (!song.note_is_active) { + song.active_pitch = 0; + song.note_is_active = true; + song.note_start_ms = now_ms; + } + } +} + +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ +// Main +//--------------------------------------------------------------------+ + +int main(void) { + board_init(); + printf("\r\n"); + printf("===========================================\r\n"); + printf(" TinyUSB MIDI 2.0 Device\r\n"); + printf("===========================================\r\n"); + printf("Tempo: 120 BPM | Song: %u notes\r\n", (unsigned)SONG_LENGTH); + printf("Transport + protocol fallback:\r\n"); + printf(" Alt 0 -> USB-MIDI 1.0 32-bit Event Packets (packet_write)\r\n"); + printf(" Alt 1 + MIDI1 -> UMP MT 0x2 MIDI 1.0 Channel Voice (ump_write)\r\n"); + printf(" Alt 1 + MIDI2 -> UMP MT 0x4 MIDI 2.0 Channel Voice (ump_write)\r\n"); + printf("Status: Initializing...\r\n"); + + tusb_rhport_init_t dev_init = {.role = TUSB_ROLE_DEVICE, .speed = TUSB_SPEED_AUTO}; + tusb_init(BOARD_TUD_RHPORT, &dev_init); + + board_init_after_tusb(); + board_led_write(true); + + uint32_t last_report_ms = 0; + + while (1) { + tud_task(); + + uint32_t now_ms = tusb_time_millis_api(); + + if (tud_midi2_mounted()) { + update_song_playback(now_ms); + board_led_write(song.active_pitch > 0); + } else { + board_led_write((now_ms / 500) & 1); + } + + // Status report every 10 seconds + if (now_ms - last_report_ms > 10000) { + last_report_ms = now_ms; + if (tud_midi2_mounted()) { + printf("[%lums] Playing idx %lu/%u loop %lu\r\n", + (unsigned long)now_ms, + (unsigned long)song.current_note_idx, + (unsigned)SONG_LENGTH, + (unsigned long)song.loop_count); + } else { + printf("[%lums] Waiting for host...\r\n", (unsigned long)now_ms); + } + } + } + + return 0; +} |